Evaluating The Financial Results Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2943 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Over the past year, both the retail investment and occupational environment have been more challenging by the twin impacts of austerity at home and the debt crisis in Europe (British Land, 2012). General retailers, who sell a wide variety of goods to the public, are now facing a historically difficult situation due to the retail market in the UK continues to undergo significant change. Based on their 2011 and 2012 annual reports, five British companies operating worldwide will be analysed and compared in this report, which are French Connection Group Plc, Debenhams Plc, Marks Spencer Plc, HMV Group Plc and Next Plc. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Evaluating The Financial Results Example For Free" essay for you Create order French Connection focuses on designing, producing, and distributing fashionable clothing. Next is a UK based retailer offering high quality clothing. MS is one of the UKs leading retailers, which sells clothing, home products and quality food. Debenhams is a visual department store group, which has a strong existence in key product categories including wears, home, health beauty with unique and differentiated brands. HMV is a well-known entertainment retailer and now the countrys second-largest live music and ticker operator. Investment Ratios Accounting statements can be analysed and evaluated in several ways, one of the most important is ratio analysis, which is widely used as a tool in the interpretation of financial statements (Atrill, Harvery and Mclaney, 1995:377). The first ratio to be considered is return on capital employed (ROCE). It is referred to as being the primary efficiency ratio. In the formula, ROCE is comparing profit before taxation and capital employed (Alexander, Britton and Jorissen, 2011). Normally, higher values of ROCE suggest a company has a better performance, which means the management of the company is using its resources effectively (Marcouse, 2008). To compare five firms ROCE ratios between 2011 and 2012, they all shown a decrease on the previous year, among which the figure of HMV was a negative number. By looking at its consolidated income statement in 2012, the loss before tax was 38.6 million. And the decreases in the use of assets also led to a fall in ROCE. The normal target ROCE of many large companies is about 15% (Thomas, 1999:415). But for Next plc, the ROCE for the latest year was 52.1%. This may due to its huge profit. According to its chairmens statement, there was a 5% growth in profit from  ¿Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¡543.4m to  ¿Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¡570m. ROCE provides an answer to the question of whether the business is worthwhile to invest in, whereas the return on equity (ROE) ratio takes the perspective of the shareholder and tries to answer the question of whether the investment in the share capital of the company is beneficial for the owners of the shares (Alexander, Britton and Jorissen, 2011:238). This ratio is calculated as profit before tax divided by total equity. For those five companies, only Next plc reveal an improvement on ROE from 2011(22.4%) to 2012 (31.3%). This may be due to an increase in the profit before taxation and a drop in the total equity. And because of the loss, HMV still got a negative percentage on ROE. Earnings per share (EPS) i s found by dividing profit attributable to the ordinary shareholders by the number of ordinary shares in issue. (Alexander, Britton and Jorissen, 2011:598) Usually EPS is also used to evaluate company investment performance. As these companies not in a relatively same size and do not have similar numbers of shares, it is difficult to have comparison between them. (Alexander, Britton and Jorissen, 2011:598) Overlook 2011 and 2012 earnings per share figures for these companies, MS, Debenhams and French Connection had usual EPS, whereas Next and HMV have outlandish EPS. Next has a fairly high EPS in 2011 and 2012, it had a significant growth from 221.9p to 282p. Thomas mentions that a company with a high gearing, the change in their profit will affect their EPS. (Thomas, 1999:414) Base on Next financial statement and notes, for this year the earning increased and the number of ordinary shareholders was less than average which was 25,222,000. In result, each contribution from profit to shareholders improved thus it is reasonable for Next to have high EPS figures. The increase in EPS means a company has a well investment performance and the high EPS help company to attract more external shareholders and retain the continuing shareholders. For HMV, in both 2011 and 2012 they had a negative EPS. Profitability Ratios Gross profit margin (GPM) and net profit margin (NPM) are representing the profitability of a company, which is measuring how well a company uses its assets to generate profit and control its cost during business process. The mainly difference between them is the gross profit margin focuses on the cost of goods and services ready for sale, any small changes in it should be highly significant (Weetman, 2011). However, NPM concentrates on the ability to control expenses and the alteration of selling price. Most of these companies had a slightly decrease on GPM and NPM. Particularly, French Connection had the highest GPM, but there was a decline from 51.7% (2011) to 48.1% (2012). Base on its notes, one of the reasons of GPM decrease is the cost of sales increased with the growing on the revenue of clothing and accessories. Meanwhile, the operating expenses increased as well, it led to the NPM dropped by 1.9% during the year. In contrast, the GPM of both Next and Debenhams have gone up by more than 1%, which means they conducted expenditure of goods effectively. Compared with Next, the GPM of Debenhams increased more, that may because it had a largely change on promotional calendar and well sales records that were mentioned on the financial review. Debenhams also had several optimistic changes in NPM, which was due to both lower taxation and interest. Conversely, NPM of Next has risen up nearly by 0.8%, which was higher than Debenhams, and it reflected Next earn more sales per pound of net assets or capital employed in 2012 than Debenhams (Britton Waterston, 2003:184). HMV seem like the most pessimistic for shareholders or investors, because of the lowest GPM and NPM in comparison with rest of the companies. The net profit margin of HMV had a dramatically decrease from 0.23% (2011) to -4.42% (2012). According to the formula, NPM compares profit before tax with revenue; the lower revenue could be recognized as the essential reason of HMVs gloomy performance . Phillip Rowley, who is the chairman of HMV, declared that owing to worsening economic climate combined with the structural changes, this led to a poor Christmas trading denoting the lower returns. Moreover, in accordance with the business and financial review, for the purpose of improving the financial performance on Next challenge year, HMV invested a quantity of funds to provide training to management team, which result in more expenses in 2012 than 2011. Hence, either the decrease of revenue or the increase of expenditure had a strong affect on the net income of this business. Financial Structure Gearing ratio try to measure the risk involved in the repayment of debt and the ability of a company to meet its debt in the long run (Alexander, Britton and Jorissen, 2011). For a company, higher gearing ratio means higher financial risk. Whether companies are able to repay their long-term liability or not depend on how much they can generate from operation. Comparing five companies financial results for 2011 and 2012, it clearly shows that most of them just have slight changes on their gearing ratio. Compared to other four companies, French Connection had the smallest gearing ratio which was 1.25% (2011) and 1.20% (2012), and it means the company had a low financial risk. According to their business review, the reason why it had a low gearing is because company had no borrowing in 2012. Moreover, French Connection had a profit disposal of its stock and it generated 0.4 million net cash. In order to repay its debts and later on if the company is not able to repay its debts; it may have more chance to get external financial helps, as the company has low financial risk. In contrast, Next had an enormous gearing ratio from 310% (2011) to 400% (2012), which means it had a relatively high financial risk. The reason of the increase may due to more long-term liability in 2012. According to business review of Next, it states that group generated  ¿Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¡200million which shows they made the effort to recover the debts. Nevertheless, they might find difficult to borrow money from bank as bank might take their high gearing into consideration of rejection. Liquidity Ratio Liquidity refers to the capacity of a company or generates liquidity from its current operations to repay its current debt (Alexander, Britton and Jorissen 2011:240). The liquidity ratios emphasize the solvency of companies (Riley, 2012). The current ratio makes a contrast between current assets and current liabilities. The higher ratio illustrates no liquidity problem. During a crisis period, due to the payment of short-term creditors, perhaps the feasibility of selling stocks to raise cash is unpractical. Thus, the acid test should be feasible, which uses the liquid assets eliminating the inventories (Weetman, 2011:347). The majority of companies have the acid test below 1, but over 1 is good news for companies in respect that even though it cannot generate cash by selling inventories it is still able to pay its debts (Riley, 2012). Amongst the five companies, French Connection had the highest acid test ratios, 1.24 (2012) and 1.31(2011), which are over 1:1 in both years. From its balance sheet, it shown both the current liabilities and current assets are much lower than the other companies. Furthermore, it had less payable than the other companies and there were no bank borrowings. The cash flows statement indicates that its major investing activity is non-current assets, but the business review demonstrates that additional investment in non-current assets was low recently. As a result, this could be the reason why there were no bank borrowings. Other than that, its inventories were also very low relatively, which might be the cause of the low payable. Besides, there was an upward trend of the acid test in Next. In 2011, its acid test was 0.84, which was below 1, whereas in 2012 it jumped to 1.03, which is good news. The balance sheet displays that from 2011 to 2012, the current assets raised from 1,067.3 to 1,139.9 and the current liabilities fell from 832.9 to 742.4. The notes to financial statements mention that, in 2012 Next repaid the unsecured ban k loans which borrowed for the credit facility in 2011, result in the fall in current liabilities. Debenhams, HMV and MS all had the acid test below 0.5 in both years, which indicated that they might find it tough to pay short-term creditors (Marcouse, 2008:400). Activity Ratios The stock holding period measures the average period during which stocks of goods are held before being sold or used in the operations of the business (Weetman, 2011:347). The lower the ratio the more efficiently the business progresses (Alexander, Britton and Jorissen 2011:238). From 2011 to 2012, French Connection and HMV had downward trends, while Next, Debenhams, MS had upward trends. French Connection had the highest stock holding period, which were 143 days (2012) and 144 days (2011) amongst the five companies. It had a slight reduction but it still remained relatively long, it might because its marketing areas are clothing and accessory and it is unnecessary to sell them immediately. Instead, it can store the clothing and accessory, if they are out of date and sell them with discounts. Thus, the inventories were supposed to be less than 2011. Nonetheless, the business review explains that in 2012 there were poorer sales in the autumn season, which resulted in more invento ries than 2011. It is possible that the company donate some clothing to charity or the storage contains damaged inventories. Among these companies, HMV has the greatest change in the stock holding period. According to its financial statements, both the inventories and the cost of sales had dropped since 2011. The inventories had a greater change relative to the cost of sales, which led to a relatively big downward trend (from 60 days to 44 days). Debtors collection ratio evaluates the average period of a company to collect debts owed by customers. An increase normally suggests that a company takes longer time in collecting money. However, a decrease might imply that customers used shorter time to pay. Creditors payment ratio shows the average period of a company pay off the bill to its suppliers. An increase of the ratio often advises that a company takes longer period time to pay for the suppliers. Conversely, a decrease usually proposes that companies take less time pay to the creditors. Marcouse (2008) comments that If a business has a lower figure for creditors payment than debtors collection, it means that it is settling owe debts quicker than it is receiving from its debtors. In other word, if a business has a lower figure for debtors collection than creditors payment, thus a business is receiving from its debtors sooner than it is settling owe debts. Debtors collection and creditors payable days of French connection and Next have both increased. On average French Connection customers took 16 days to pay in 2011 and 19 days to pay in 2012, and its suppliers had to wait 69 days to be paid in 2011 and 74 days in 2012. Similarly, on average Next creditors had to wait 80 days to be paid in 2011 and 84 days in 2012, and its customers took 68 days to pay in 2011 and 75 days in 2012. One of the explanations could be these companies had bad debts build up, it makes a company has less efficiency on generating cash to pay back to suppliers. On their cash flow statement, the sum of inventories and trade receivable is more than trade payment. The other reason why these companies paid for suppliers slower might be they were trying to improve their cash position. Once a company has an appalling reputation of paying bill late, it might lead an end of business relationships with current suppliers and reduce potential creditors interests of further cooperation. In contrast, these two ratios of HMV have both gone down. On average, its customers took six days to pay in 2011 and only two days in 2012 whereas its creditors had to wait 37 days to be paid in 2011 but mere 27 days in 2012. It may imply that HMV managed to collect money from customers faster and then pay to the suppliers sooner. On its cash flow statement, increase trade payment is greater than sum of increases in trade receivable and inventories, which shows that it used more cash to pay for the suppliers. It brings a better reputation to the companies in order to make supplie rs willing to corporate with them in the future. However, if companies pay their debts too rapidly it might worsen their cash position. There is a slight difference in MS and Debenhams cases, their debtors collection days remain the same. Their strategies might be ensuring customers satisfaction to retain them. The sum of inventories and trade receivable is less than trade payment. It also implies that these companies may be trying to reduce risks, controlling cash outflow with holding more cash in hands. Other Methods to evaluate company performance Ratio analysis works better with other aspects to evaluate a companys performance, as it has several limitations. Quality of the products or services and quality of management are non-monetary factors will affect the business performance as well, but they are not reflected on financial statements. The ratio analysis is also limited by time, since it is mere based on historical information for a certain period of time. Moreover, inflation, price changes and different foreign currencies could render the whole of ratio analysis of an organisation (Alexander, Britton and Jorissen 2011). As these five companies are retailers, their customers more concern about non-monetary factors. For example, negative attitudes of sales assistants, sales man have less understanding of the products, poor quality of goods may be the reasons of making customers purchase in competitor companies. Therefore, how well these companies operating cannot rely on ratio analysis completely, share price could be one of other elements to determine company performance. According to London Stock Exchange, from 2011 to 2012, share price in both Debenhams and Next had an increase trend, while French Connection and HMV had a dramatically decrease in their share price. Furthermore, share price of MS is fluctuated. Share price might affect by other factors, such as, company reputation, news reports and the general market trend (Pratten, 1993). For example, as BBC News commented that HMV may sell live music division as sales fall again, which is negative information for HMV. This may result in a fallen in share price. Conclusion In conclusion, judging how well a company has been operating, it is necessary to consider ratio analysis, business reviews, movement of share price and external factors, such as environment of the market. The chancellor, George Osborne has seized that the economy has emerged from double-dip recession, growing by 1% in the third quarter of 2012. It emphases on that the largest market, UK economy has struggled for growth in this year, at least in the first two quarters. It is necessary to point out that, most of these companies financial year ended before middle of this year, apart from Debenhams. Consequently the recession might also affect their business presentations. Under this circumstances, Debenhams performed well in 2012, even though there was a faintly decrease in ROCE and ROE, this company still get the profit maximum by using the appropriate promotion strategy. For HMV in 2012, it has come through a challenging year, as their revenues have decreased by 20.8% and the gro up has a loss before tax. Next achieved an excellent result this year, where the revenue has increased by 4.3% and profit before tax has improved by 5.0%. The performance of French Connection for 2012 was worse than 2011 due to the poor sales. However, it used the board policy to preserve liquid funds to endure its future progress. Different from these four companies, in 2011/2012 MS has an unimpressive performance, with sales only increasing by 2%. (3066 words)

Factors That Influence Immigrant Decision - 1633 Words

My thesis is based on the research question â€Å"What factors influence immigrant decision to become self-employed and the differences in their business approach? I have prepared my research paper by the purpose of findings the factors that affect ethnic/immigrant entrepreneurs’ business startup. Business startup is an intensive and challenging process. To recognize and be aware of the factors, which can force an immigrant or attract them to become self-employed are important determining factors for new entrepreneurs. My paper is based on a qualitative research with interpretative approach. I have also conducted an interview in order to farther facilitate my literature based research. By these primary and secondary information, I have found†¦show more content†¦Thesis Problem and Aim of Research Paper: Constructed on the background stated, I have focused my Thesis problem as below: â€Å"What aspects affect Immigrant entrepreneurship and how do they affect them?† Immigrant Entrepreneurs -who are immigrant in a foreign country and use numbers of physical or financial resources and support from their community establish the configuration of immigrant Entrepreneurship. Business start-up is a challenging processes for any entrepreneur who is willing to become self-employed, however the entrepreneurs that have ethnic background and are living in a foreign country would have a much different and more challenging business start-up than the ones who are native. Thus, immigrant entrepreneurs look out for number of supports within their community or from host country’s networks. The aim of my research paper is to describe and analyze these factors in detail and make an observation in regards to the data I have collected. Entrepreneurship: In regards to entrepreneurship, there are many definitions proposed by theorists. In my research paper, I have used definition by Kinder that suits well to an entrepreneurs; â€Å"Entrepreneur is someone that alerts towards profit opportunities† (Kirzner, 1973). Profit opportunities

Joyriders †Creative Writing Free Essays

string(145) " quickly opened my door to see what was going on, and to my horror, Kenny was lying in the middle of the road a couple of metres behind the car\." I had just died by getting trapped and then squeezed to death as the walls closed in on me playing `Tomb Raider Three’. In addition, I had successfully reached the final stage, when I died and then remembered that I had forgotten to save the last stage after being on the computer for hours upon end. At this point, I was agitated and really annoyed when I heard, â€Å"Ah, shut it you over drunk sod! † my parents were at each others’ throats again. We will write a custom essay sample on Joyriders – Creative Writing or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"If I were to have a death wish it would be to kill you in such a way that your entrails would ooze out slowly†¦ † replied my disturbingly vexed father. After hearing months of non-stop controversy, I knew that there was only one thing left to say. Moreover, I was meditating about†¦ † I want a divorce, I want a divorce now! † mum bawled down the stairs. Well I knew that I shared a special bond with my mum, but reading my thoughts, she is positively becoming a mind reader, I thought trying to avoid the topic. It could have just have been intuition. There was a silence in the long empty corridor leading up to the stairs, where I sat fed up and angry with my parents. Looking at the bare gloomy walls which stared at me, as if it was my fault that they ere separating, I thought of all the memories they bore. My childhood, which I shared with my parents, both my parents. A tear came to my eye, which I quickly wiped off my freshly tanned, mocha coloured cheeks. When it comes to emotional stuff, I am quite shy and keep things bottled up, whereas usually I am very open and loud, well so my friends have told me. `I have had enough’ I thought to myself. With this thought in mind I gave my best friend, Mia, a call, and not very surprisingly she was just as bored as I was. I did not tell her about what had just happened, but I got the feeling that she knew I as not the perky self I normally am, even if I am bored out of my brain! â€Å"Why don’t I bring, Kaz, Neil, AJ and myself around yours, in ten? † â€Å"Sure, but we can meet outside my house near the garage. † I slyly said, so that they do not have any encounters with either of my parents. â€Å"Yeah I’d probably get lost around your yard, with it being so big `n’ all† Mia laughed back. â€Å"Right then, see ya in ten, bye† â€Å"Bye† and she hung up. I still clung onto the receiver, hoping she was still there, this was because I was afraid to go upstairs, in case they start talking about custody battles. `What am I thinking? they hate me and they are splitting up for spite. I will then probably end up an orphan, because neither of them will want me! `Shut up Neha! ‘. I realised I was going insane just like my diabolical parents. I kept pacing up and down the hall, waiting for Mia and the others to turn up. Which is when I realised, `the neighbours have gone on holiday and have left the house keys and the car keys for the BMW Z3 to mum’. A light bulb went on in my head. And the only word, which was lit up in my head, was `revenge’. â€Å"What’s up Neha? † shouted Mia from across the road, wearing as usual, her long black three-quarter-length trench coat. Nothin’ wanna go for a ride? † â€Å"You mean in that! † Neil pointed at the BMW, in excitement, which was parked in the garage, with the garage door raised. â€Å"Why not, got nothin’ betta to do† I answered surprised that he even had to question me. â€Å"All get in before my parents suspect anything! † I yelled at Mia and the others, who immediately dashed across the road, past the old and fragile granny who lives at number 49, who inherited her mansion after her millionaire husband died last year. Jinita Batavia Page 2 28/04/2007 Kaz, who was sitting in the passenger seat quickly started up the car y turning the key in the ignition. That was when I got into the drivers’ seat, and realised how short the top of my body actually is! I could not see beyond the fence, which was only five metres away from us! We sped away as fast as the `bima’ could take us. We drove down the Highstreet. However, as it was a bit of a squeeze with the small sporty Z3 cramming two in the front and three in the back, with Neil being quite big, – not offending him, we cut the jaunt short and decided to cruise down small empty alleys, on the outskirts of the town. â€Å"We can make this place our territory, you know like a gang, or even etta a society like the Free Masons who stay anonymous. † Suggested AJ fidgeting around in the back seat. â€Å"That’s a brill idea, but your forgetting something cleva clogs†¦ how do you suggest we actually get here, without any wheels? † said Kaz in a sarcastic tone. I was busy trying to tune the radio, when I heard a cry, `ah, it must be an owl or something’ I thought, with it being about ten o’clock it was a good presumption. I finally found the `house and garage’ station that I was searching for. â€Å"Turn up the base, I mean we are cruzin’ in a bima, so might as well cruise in style Neha, innit Mia. AJ also insisted that we wind down our windows so that we are not only seen but also heard. It had only been a few seconds after I thought I had heard a cry, when I heard squeals. â€Å"Here that people? † â€Å"What babe? † â€Å"Oh, do shut up with that babe crap Neil! † â€Å"Fine hear what? † both AJ and Neil said momentarily. â€Å"I hear it now! † replied Kaz. I jolted the car to a halt and then I quickly opened my door to see what was going on, and to my horror, Kenny was lying in the middle of the road a couple of metres behind the car. You read "Joyriders – Creative Writing" in category "Papers" He was waving his arms around in the air as if he could not breathe! â€Å"Kenny, Kenny, he’s †¦ e’s†¦ um†¦ dead! I†¦ I†¦ killed†¦ him† I stuttered, in shock. By now I was shivering, then AJ put his arm around me, to comfort me, or so I thought at that time. He brought me back to the car, where everyone were all shaken up and really stiff, peering through the curved windows in shear horror. They convinced me that we should not wait around, because no one saw and now no one except them, will find out. I felt assured and got back behind the wheel, after Mia , who had been quiet throughout the journey slowly came out with, â€Å"I knew it, I knew that this was going to happen, it was written in the stars. Even though she is my best friend, she does come out with bull sometimes, with all that superstitious nonsense that she believes in! After successfully picking our-selves up and returning back to earth, after such an incident had occurred I thought that I should carry on with my original plan. This was to have a minor knock about with the BMW. So we crashed into a lamppost, head on and dented the brand new spoiler on the front of the car. Then finally after a night of laughter, horror and fulfilment I first dropped off AJ, Kaz, Mia and then Neil home, impressing their neighbours in the process, after returning to my never ending ightmare, my house. I parked the car back where it was and then crept in through the back door. I walked up the stairs slowly, so that the stairs would not creek. I then ended up asleep within a minute of lying on my bed. In the morning, it was raining hard, pounding on the roof, above by bedroom. To this I woke up and turned on my radio. Craig David was on, with his recent debut single. I automatically rose from my bed sheets, grabbed my hairbrush, and started to sing and bop along to Jinita Batavia Page 3 28/04/2007 the beat. I was half way through waving my hands around, pretending I as Craig David at a gig when†¦ â€Å"What is this, Adam you prick, what the fuck have you done to the car? † My dad rushed down the stairs with a piece of toast in his mouth as he tied his robe together with his hands. â€Å"What, what? † dad cried, confused. I was sniggering from the corner of the stairs. The innocent face of my dad with mum hurling accusations at him as if they were tennis balls, was a sight to see! After lunch, with mum having hers in the kitchen and dad, being the couch potato of the house, he was flopped out in front of the television set; we heard a knock at the door. I thought it would probably be Mia, so I scampered to the front door to let her in and inform her about the plan that had been successful. But to my dismay there was a woman standing at the front door who went by the name of `Constable Stevenson. ‘ â€Å"Are your parents in darlin’? † she said in a proud PC kind of voice. `Wanna-be PC’ I thought to myself and gave out a snigger. â€Å"It is not a laughing matter, now go call your parents†¦ † `Hold your horses woman she’s so†¦ uh! ‘ I thought. After hearing a stem, strong deep voice at the door mum came rushing to see what was going on. â€Å"Can I help you constable? † Can I help you constable? † I mimicked. Luckily, no one heard except dad, who was also now at the door, and he gave me that big-eye look to stop it†¦ or else. â€Å"May I have a look at your car? † â€Å"I have a search warrant hear†. â€Å"Sure† said my mum not realising what she had just said then, â€Å"Hold on, why do you want to see our car? † † Well, there has been a murder in the local area, and it was witnessed to have been a hit and run and they said that there was a red car involved. Moreover, I believe that you have a red car sitting in your garage. † â€Å"Yes, well†¦ † mum, at that point gave dad a guilty look, but dad just ooked confused and walked back down the hall with a mug of tea in his hand to watch some television again. Mum thought to herself for a while and then realised that it would be unlawful to lie and with hold evidence, and also she would not have one of those messy divorces if her husband was behind bars, so she decided to spill. Then, mum went over to the car and bent down to show the PC the dent in the car. At this point, I was having a ball, the only thing that could make this better was a nice big tub of popcorn. â€Å"This looks nasty, and yet quite fresh, when did this happen love? † Mum was hesitant in saying â€Å"Last night, I expect† â€Å"OK so who was driving the car at the time of this incident? † the constable’s voice was now developing a tone to it. A nasty tone. â€Å"I’ll get the forensic team to take a closer look at this†. In saying this she pulled out a mobile about the size of her ego and started to dial. â€Å"Oh† was all that mum could come out with, after this huge enquiry about the car that was not even theirs. She was probably thinking that it actually was dad who killed the boy, ‘that’s great’ I thought to myself, not realising the charges or sentences dad could be faced with. After the forensic team arrived, about twenty minutes later they were able to come up with a full report. â€Å"I’m sorry to say, that we found some navy fibres attached to the front bumper and some very distinctive blood stains, which are of a person with blood type O, just like Kenny. † `That was strange, because when we hit Kenny there was not a dent anywhere, what can you say, but the police ain’t as good as they make themselves out to be. ‘ Jinita Batavia Page 4 18/03/00 â€Å"I’m afraid you’re under arrest. † The PC said relieved that this case was over. And it must have been one of the quickest cases ever! We’ll have to take you down to the station; anything you do or say will be held against you later in court. † Those lines were just like the ones you here on television programmes. Ah well, dad would not be confused about that then, unlike everything else, as he watches television twenty-four/seven. Now that that was over, I thought that I should celebrate. `Wow’ I thought to myself, I never thought I could put someone, especially my own dad behind bars, maybe I should try it more often! In addition, I also now have an extra room, as well as a mum, so I am safe from an orphanage†¦ for now! How to cite Joyriders – Creative Writing, Papers

Women as Endorser in Selected Liquor Advertisement on Television in the Philippines free essay sample

Advertising is indeed a powerful instrument to promote, encourage and persuade consumers to purchase a certain product, goods or services. Advertising can be in any forms. In the history of the United States, advertising has responded to changing demands, media technologies, and cultural context. Industries ranging from soap to canned food to cigarettes introduced new production techniques, created standardized products in unheard of quantities, and sought to find and persuade buyers in the 1880’s. During this period, National advertising of brand goods emerged in response to profound changes in the business environment. Along with the manufacturers, other businesses also turned to advertising. (http://www. aber. ac. uk/media/Students/hzi9401. html) Advertising agencies, formerly in the business of peddling advertising space in local newspapers and a limited range of magazines, became servants of te new national advertisers, designing copy and artwork and placing advertisements in the places most likely to attract buyer attention. Consumer spending fueled in part by the increased availability of consumer credit—on automobiles, radios, household appliances, and leisure time activities like spectator sports and movie going paced a generally prosperous 1920’s. Since then, advertising has grown massively from print, radio, and television. In 1966, a University of California study revealed that fewer than 2 percent of television commercials included black actors. But by the end of the decade, things were beginning to change, and beer makers eager to tap the total market were among the first to feature minorities in commercials. As early as 1965, Rheingold Beer, for example, was airing TV spots featuring African American, Puerto Rican, and Asian actors. The venerable Miss Rheingold contestsan annual institution in New York since 1939had been discontinued the previous year, due largely to the realization that a single Miss Rheingold could not accurately reflect the brewerys racially diverse customer base (Miller, 2002). In the Philippines, when Spain lost the Spanish-American War in 1898, Americans dominated the country and influenced in today’s modern day Filipina women. They started working and is already acknowledged in the society. Modern-day Philippine women play a decisive role in Filipino families. They handle the money, act as religious mentors, and could also arrange the marriages of sons and daughters, striving to improve the family’s dynastic connections. Beer, love it, hate it, is one of the most popular adult beverages the world over. (History of Beer) However, with the advent of television in the Philippines, the most common complaint is the dominance of sex and violence that is being portayed. This study will seek to analyze the images portrayed by women on selected liquor advertisements on television in 2013 here in the Philippines. Objectives of the Study It is common for young women nowadays to feel like they always have to belong in a certain group of people. With this observation comes the study that will analyze the â€Å"Images Portrayed by Women as Endorser in Selected Liquor Advertisement on Television in the Philippines. † Specifically it will: 1. determine the visual presentation in terms of: a. Setting b. Language c. Body Movement 2.analyze the visual presesntation of selected Liquor Advertisement on TV in the Philippines a. San Miguel Light b. Tanduay Black c. GSM Blue d. Colt 45 Theoretical and Conceptual Framework According to Klapper (1960) in his Magic Bullet or Hypodermic Needle Theory, the mass media has a powerful influence on the mass audience and could deliberately alter or control people’s behavior. It states that, â€Å"mass media ord inarily does not serve as necessary and efficient cause of audience effect, but rather function through a nexus of mediating factors and influence. These mediating factors render mass communication as a contributory agent in the process of reinforcing the existing condition. † On the other hand, George Gerbner, in his Cultivation Theory determines the influence of television on viewer’s ideas of the environment they lived in. He found that dominance of TV created a common view of the world and that it homogenized different cultures. Cultivation research looks at the mass media as a socializing agent and investigates whether TV viewers come to believe the television version of reality the more they watch it. This theory states that, â€Å"Television shapes concepts of social reality†. The effects of mass media have an immense impact to the perception of its audiences. It will leave a mark that could influence one’s act as soon as it will be shown to the general public. The visual content of the selected liquor advertisement on television can easily be adopted as it considered being a cool model because it can be comprehend passively unlike the print and audio media as it requires much effort to understand what is being conveyed. These theories will explain how mass media through advertisements will influence the viewers in terms of its visual content. As an individual sees the product being advertised, it will instantly visualize the women because of the presentation which is attention grabbing. With the analysis of the images portrayed by women on the selected liquor advertisements, it will show the factors which has a great influence and factors that can easily be adapted by the audience. On the San Miguel Light and Tanduay Dark, the portrayal of the characters in every advertisement will directly influence the kind of clothes they wear, the accessories that they are using, the way the endorsers move their body, and inching closer to the man that can be seen throughout the advertisement. There are several values that the women are projecting and may have both a positive and negative meaning. Definition of Terms In order to provide better understanding of the study, the following terms were conceptually and operationally defined. Endorser. As used in the study, endorser refers to the person/s that promotes, supports, and approves the product. Advertising. As used in the study, advertising refers to an act or practice of calling public attention to one’s product, service, need, etc., especially by paid announcements in television (from: http://www. dictionary. reference. com/browse/advertising). Women Portrayal. As used in the study, it can be in the form of a picture or depicted performances of women that are seen on different forms of media like television and how women are seen in the ad regardless of their background, social status and interaction in society. Images. As used in the study, Images refers to the values projected by women as an endorser on the s elected liquor advertisements on television in the Philippines. Language. As used in the study, Language refers to words, lines or taglines used by the selected advertisements. Body Language. As used in the study, body language San Miguel Light. As used in the study, San Miguel Light is a product of San Miguel Brewery Inc. , which is the largest beer producer in the Philippines with a market share of 95% as of 2008 ( http://www. wiki/San_Miguel_Brewery). Tanduay Black. As used in the study, Tanduay Dark is from one of the largest distillers in the world produced by Tanduay Distillers Inc., and is the Philippines’ oldest maker of rhum. (from:http://www. internetwines. com/rws24100. html). GSM Blue. As used in the study, GSM Blue which stands for ‘Ginebra San Miguel† is a very popular gin in the Philippines and can be mixed to any type of liquid like juice or clear soda. (http://www. urbandictionary. com/define. php? term=gsm%20blue) Colt 45. As used in the study, Colt 45 is a malt liquor with 8% alcohol content first introduced in the United States of America by the National Brewing Company. (http://www. beeradvocate.com/beer/profile/447/1334/) Visual Presentation. Visual presentation is defined as what is being seen in the selected liquor advertisements namely San Miguel Light, Tanduay Black, GSM Blue and Colt 45, the actors, color, props or materials used are considered as the main factors. Significance of the Study The study will be beneficial to the following: Women. Issues regarding rights, freedom and treatment to women were discussed in this study thus; the findings can be helpful in awakening women’s consciousness on its real standing in the society. Feminist Group. This study will be beneficial to the feminists group. Feminists considered as opinion leaders, could get some more ideologies in order to widen knowledge about societal issues and how to treat those problems. Family members. This study will be beneficial to the family members. This study may provide parents or family members with invaluable information in guiding their children especially women and in purchasing goods and to be vigilant with the kind of TV advertisements that they are watching. Producers. This study will be beneficial to producers of advertisements. When the given samples of TV advertisement will be analyzed, it will show them the different factors in visual presentation that affects the response of the audience of what is more appealing. This will also inform them with the current status of the advertising trends and it may be a basis for change and improvement. Also, this study will help in the selection for producers before investing their money in the company that they will be working in the future. Advertising Industry. This study will help the advertising industry in understanding the importance of the advertisement that will be watch. The effects that may lead to deteriorating the moral values of one’s self because of what is projected next to them. Television Channels. This will help the television channel to analyze the content of the advertisements. As a media a personnel who has great responsibility on educating their audiences this content analysis the images portrayed by women will be beneficial to them. Public Viewers. This study will help the audience in determining the factors affecting the outputs or the produced advertisement. The researcher and the audience itself will be aware of what kind of TV advertisements they are watching which may affect their perception towards women most importantly. Media Practitioners. The findings of this study can be beneficial to media practitioner as it can be used in strengthening their expertise in the field of mass media since media play a vital role in the society and can greatly influence its audiences on this generation. Mass Communication Students. The result of this study will give awareness among the mass communication students who will be in the future and would be working on advertising industry. It will avoid repetition of negative effect or feedbacks by their outputs. Future Researchers. The result of this study can be used in the future researchers under the field of mass communication through the information that can be added on the next researcher study. The data gathered in this study can be utilized to support its research in line with this topic. Scope and Limitations The study will analyze the images portrayed by women as endorser of selected liquor advertisements on television in the Philippines based on setting, language, and body movement. This study will be determined from the given examples of Television Advertisements in the Philippines in particular, San Miguel Light, Tanduay Black, GSM Blue and Colt 45. The â€Å"images† in the study do not only refer to a woman’s picture, face, body and clothes worn. These images also pertained to the overall portrayal of women.

Organisation Strategies of Sportsgirl free essay sample

First and foremost we wish to welcome you into the auditorium of modern fashion. For those of you, who may not know me, my name is XXXX , the national supervisor for Sportsgirl, and to my left is my partner Mr XXXX. We have gathered here today to present to you a SWOT analysis, organizational strategies, and the vision and mission statement of Sports girl. We live in the generation of fashion and technology. Our wants fashionably override our needs in life. The Australian fashion industry has come to expect a huge splash from Sportsgirl at the Melbourne L’Oreal Fashion Festival, and 2005 set a new benchmark. Ideally, the business will come to the customer by promoting their brand through the launches of the Exclusives for Sportsgirl range, offering the latest in the hottest trends and must-have looks in to-die-for limited edition pieces released each month. Sportsgirl was founded in the year of 1948 in Melbourne. We will write a custom essay sample on Organisation Strategies of Sportsgirl or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sportsgirl has emerged as a leader in the Australian fashion industry by successfully developing a brand image and a store identity that moved fashion retail away from the concept of established department stores to the concept of the lifestyle fashion boutique. This has been reflected in much of their marketing compaigns by advertising â€Å"real, everyday† women weraing their clothing rather than models. Sportsgirl has used interior design, visual merchandising, graphic design, and advertising to build its fashion brand into one that appealed to the emerging youth market The clothes imported in Australian Sportsgirl outlets are designed by foreigners; however, Sportsgirl has created a large and detrimental fashion line from young and creative fashion designers with fresh ideas. On top this; Sportsgirl has designed a range advertising to be heavily printed throughout the world. This advertising helps to display the merchandising creativity of Sportsgirl’s identity, which has linked its clothing lines to a set of lifestyle values and accessories. From the very beginning Sportsgirl’s mission statement is: Specializing in providing the latest fashion trends from overseas. It offers younger women a livelier option than its more conservative sibling label Sports craft. † Theoretically this also is considered to be part of their company vision. The strengths in which Sportsgril possesses are; †¢It Is a easily recognizable store †¢Wide known brand †¢Aimed at young to middle age women (those who spend the most money on fashi on) †¢Offer a wide range of products (shoes, bags, belts, clothing, accessories etc. ) †¢Good quality Excellent locations (in big shopping centers and town centers etc) †¢Big reputation †¢Advertised in women’s and girl magazines †¢They also have a charity organization running oIn 2006, Sportsgirl staff from across the country nominated negative body image and eating disorders as the issue that is most important to them and their friends. oSportsgirl is proud to announce a partnership with non profit organisation, The Butterfly Foundation, to promote and address prevention and early intervention of eating disorders and issues related to body image. Sportsgirl continues the cool new connection campaign, featuring girls from the street, rather than models, in all creative, in a mix of transit, outdoor and magazine advertising. †¢Stores are opened in New Zealand, Singapore, Hong Kong and Thailand. Expansion continues despite difficult retailing conditions. Labels Sportscraft, Sportsgirl and David Lawrence are split into separate stores, and new store fit-outs are implemented across Australia. †¢Sportsgirl uses special events, in-store parades and promotions to pump excitement into fashion. Sportsgirl advertising campaigns and its own in-store magazines combine attention grabbing photography with memorable slogans and lifestyle concepts †¢Sportsgirl adopts the developing methods of mass marketing. It capitalises on the power of linking fashion with exciting images. †¢Sportsgirl exploded into 2006 winning five Shop Til You Drop Awards in February, including Australia’s Best Retail Chain, Most Impressive Retailer Revamp, Best Customer Service and Best Merchandising/Window Display and Store of the Year. With a growing concern, Sportsgirl faces a lot competition. The main issue that is being discussed for the weaknesses, are whether or not Sportsgirl can keep up with the ever growing demands the customer and keeping up to date with fashion. As with strengths in a business comes a variety of weakness, which include; †¢A lot of competition. Such fashion stores as Dotti, Tempt, Valleygirl, Wish etc are proving to be very competitive as they offer similar clothes and market at the exact target audience. †¢Competition that offers similar products †¢Prices with fashion †¢Keeping up with fashion †¢Providing what customers want Limited range of clothing †¢Suitable for limited age group †¢No establishment in America (Major clothing country) †¢Limited to only a few 1st and 2nd World Countries †¢Unable to fully understand what their customers look for †¢Differentiating between wants and needs With a booming business like Sportsgirl, it has all the opportunities to expand outside the reaches of Australasi a to their friendly cohort in the United States of America and Europe. The US and Europe alike have a strong and positive reputation to be some of best fashion capitals in the world. There is a lot of money being made in both the fashion and beauty markets, majorly for women. Perhaps, Sportsgirl could branch similar brands into their neighbouring market, men’s fashion. With a surprisingly success from creation, Cotton On, another well known Australian brand name, create and produce and large majority of their products sold in their outlets. If Sportsgirl could create and can produce their own range of sporting and glamour clothes, they could become one step ahead of the competition in the market. Furthermore, this is a great pportunity to become a more unique and original clothing brand. This build a stronger reputation by promoting that Sportsgirl is not just like all the other clothing outlets in the market. On the upside, Sportsgirl have the possibility to; †¢Introduce a new products into the market for fashion (make-up) †¢To prepare for seasons ahead of schedule (expanding factories) †¢Establish relationships with other companies †¢ Recruit fresh and young ideas – holiday promotions †¢Could expand into a hair care range †¢Chance to expand into a different product market Opportunity to sponsor sporting heroes (attracting fans) †¢Fundraise for special charities (i. e. breast cancer, poverty, homelessness, disabled) †¢Opportunity to give back to the community – community service, eco-friendly products †¢Expand franchises into more 1st world locations (Europe, America) o (American’s love Australian fashion think Sass and Bide) On the downside in the clothing market, Sportsgirl is unfortunately among the many similar clothing outlets for woman in Australasia. With a lot of outlets in the market for clothing comes a lot of competition for the same target audience. Apart from the obvious threat from opposing clothing company is the oblivious menace, the misuse of company resources by customers and staff. †¢Large market for clothing (lots of competition) †¢Large competition for same age bracket †¢Too many similar stores †¢Misuse of company resources oTheft oLoss of stock = loss of money †¢Unable to compete with the higher quality clothing brands Sportsgirl is one the biggest woman’s clothing brand in Australia and has definitely has a large comparative advantage over their competitors in the market, which is demonstrated in the annual Melbourne fashion show. Sportsgirl tends to display are large number of the hottest trends and must-have looks in to-die-for clothing which takes home a variety of awards at the end of the night. The most recent awards from 2006 include; Australia’s best Retail Chain, Most Impressive Retailer Revamp, Best Customer Service and Best Merchandising/Window Display and Store of the Year. Sportsgirl therefore proves that despite its threats and weaknesses from competitors in the market it displays numerous excellent qualities. Sportsgirl is indeed a extremely popular, well known brand that is aimed at the specific market which spends the most money. However always with an extreme success of a business there is a weakness which is that Limited range of clothing Suitable for limited age group, and as there are so many ages and types of clothing out there Sportsgirl is missing out on money making opportunities. However on the upside Sportsgirl have the possibility to expand into a hair care range and to expand franchises into more 1st world locations (Europe, America) as it is evident that American’s love Australian fashion thinks Sass and Bide.

The Importance Of Lincolns Cooper Union Address

The Importance Of Lincoln's Cooper Union Address In late February 1860, in the midst of a cold and snowy winter, New York City received a visitor from Illinois who had, some thought, a remote chance of running for president on the ticket of the young Republican Party. By the time Abraham Lincoln left the city a few days later, he was well on his way to the White House. One speech given to a crowd of 1,500 politically astute New Yorkers had changed everything and had positioned Lincoln to be a candidate in the election of 1860. Lincoln, while not famous in New York, was not entirely unknown in the political realm. Less than two years before, he had challenged Stephen Douglas for the seat in the U.S. Senate Douglas had held for two terms. The two men faced each other in a series of seven debates across Illinois in 1858, and the well-publicized encounters established Lincoln as a political force in his home state. Lincoln carried the popular vote in that Senate election, but at that time Senators were selected by state legislators. And Lincoln ultimately lost the Senate seat thanks to backroom political maneuvers. Lincoln Recovered From 1858 Loss Lincoln spent 1859 reassessing his political future. And he obviously decided to keep his options open. He made an effort to take time off from his busy law practice to give speeches outside of Illinois, traveling to Wisconsin, Indiana, Ohio, and Iowa. And he also spoke in Kansas, which had become known as Bleeding Kansas thanks to the bitter violence between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces in the 1850s. The speeches Lincoln gave throughout 1859 focused on the issue of slavery. He denounced it as an evil institution and spoke out forcefully against it spreading into any new U.S. territories. And he also criticized his perennial foe Stephen Douglas, who had been promoting the concept of â€Å"popular sovereignty,† in which citizens of new states could vote on whether or not to accept slavery. Lincoln denounced popular sovereignty as a â€Å"stupendous humbug.† Lincoln Received an Invitation to Speak in New York City In October 1859, Lincoln was at home in Springfield, Illinois when he received, by telegram, another invitation to speak. It was from a Republican Party group in New York City. Sensing a great opportunity, Lincoln accepted the invitation. After several exchanges of letters, it was decided that his address in New York would be on the evening of February 27, 1860. The location was to be Plymouth Church, the Brooklyn church of the famed minister Henry Ward Beecher, who was aligned with the Republican Party. Lincoln Did Considerable Research for His Cooper Union Address Lincoln put considerable time and effort into crafting the address he would deliver in New York. An idea advanced by pro-slavery advocates at the time was that Congress had no right to regulate slavery in new territories. Chief Justice Roger B. Taney of the U.S. Supreme Court had actually advanced that idea in his notorious 1857 decision in the Dred Scott case, contending that the framers of the Constitution did not see such a role for Congress. Lincoln believed Taney’s decision was flawed. And to prove it, he set about conducting research into how the framers of the Constitution who later served in Congress voted in such matters. He spent time poring over historical documents, often visiting the law library in the Illinois state house. Lincoln was writing during tumultuous times. During the months he was researching and writing in Illinois, the abolitionist John Brown led his infamous raid on the US armory at Harpers Ferry, and was captured, tried, and hanged. Brady Took Lincoln's Portrait in New York In February, Lincoln had to take five separate trains over the course of three days to reach New York City. When he arrived, he checked into the Astor House hotel on Broadway. After he arrived in New York Lincoln learned the venue of his speech had changed, from Beecher’s church in Brooklyn to the Cooper Union (then called Cooper Institute), in Manhattan. On the day of the speech, February 27, 1860, Lincoln took a stroll on Broadway with some men from the Republican group hosting his speech. At the corner of Bleecker Street Lincoln visited the studio of the famed photographer Mathew Brady, and had his portrait taken. In the full-length photograph, Lincoln, who was not yet wearing his beard, is standing next to a table, resting his hand on some books. The Brady photograph became iconic as it was the model for engravings which were widely distributed, and the image would be the basis for campaign posters in the 1860 election. The Brady photograph has become known as the â€Å"Cooper Union Portrait. The Cooper Union Address Propelled Lincoln to the Presidency As Lincoln took the stage that evening at Cooper Union, he faced an audience of 1,500. Most of those attending were active in the Republican Party. Among Lincolns listeners: the influential editor of the New York Tribune, Horace Greeley, New York Times editor Henry J. Raymond, and New York Post editor William Cullen Bryant. The audience was eager to listen to the man from Illinois. And Lincoln’s address surpassed all expectations. Lincoln’s Cooper Union speech was one of his longest, at more than 7,000 words. And it is not one of his speeches with passages that are often quoted. Yet, due to the careful research and Lincolns forceful argument, it was stunningly effective. Lincoln was able to show that the founding fathers had intended Congress to regulate slavery. He named the men who had signed the Constitution and who had later voted, while in Congress, to regulate slavery. He also demonstrated that George Washington himself, as President, had signed a bill into law that regulated slavery. Lincoln spoke for more than an hour. He was interrupted often by enthusiastic cheering. The New York City newspapers carried the text of his speech the next day, with the New York Times running the speech across most of the front page. The favorable publicity was astounding, and Lincoln went on to speak in several other cities in the East before returning to Illinois. That summer the Republican Party held its nominating convention in Chicago. Abraham Lincoln, beating out better-known candidates, received his partys nomination. And historians tend to agree that it would never have happened if not for the address delivered months earlier on a cold winter night in New York City.

Barack Obama - Oval Office Speech to the Nation on BP Oil Spill Disaster

Barack Obama Oval Office Address to the Nation on BP Oil Spill Disaster delivered 15 June 2010, Washington, D.C. Good evening. As we speak, our nation faces a multitude of challenges. At home, our top priority is to recover and rebuild from a recession that has touched the lives of nearly every American. Abroad, our brave men and women in uniform are taking the fight to al Qaeda wherever it exists. And tonight, I’ve returned from a trip to the Gulf Coast to speak with you about the battle we’re waging against an oil spill that is assaulting our shores and our citizens. On April 20th, an explosion ripped through BP Deepwater Horizon drilling rig, about 40 miles off the coast of Louisiana. Eleven workers lost their lives. Seventeen others were injured. And soon, nearly a mile beneath the surface of the ocean, oil began spewing into the water. Because there has never been a leak this size at this depth, stopping it has tested the limits of human technology. That’s why just after the rig sank, I assembled a team of our nation’s best scientists and engineers to tackle this challenge a team led by Dr. Steven Chu, a Nobel Prize-winning physicist and our nation’s Secretary of Energy. Scientists at our national labs and experts from academia and other oil companies have also provided ideas and advice. As a result of these efforts, we’ve directed BP to mobilize additional equipment and technology. And in the coming weeks and days, these efforts should capture up to 90 percent of the oil leaking out of the well. This is until the company finishes drilling a relief well later in the summer that’s expected to stop the leak completely. Already, this oil spill is the worst environmental disaster America has ever faced. And unlike an earthquake or a hurricane, it’s not a single event that does its damage in a matter of minutes or days. The millions of gallons of oil that have spilled into the Gulf of Mexico are more like an epidemic, one that we will be fighting for months and even years. But make no mistake: We will fight this spill with everything we’ve got for as long as it takes. We will make BP pay for the damage their company has caused. And we will do whatever’s necessary to help the Gulf Coast and its people recover from this tragedy. Tonight I’d like to lay out for you what our battle plan is going forward: what we’re doing to clean up the oil, what we’re doing to help our neighbors in the Gulf, and what we’re doing to make sure that a catastrophe like this never happens again. First, the cleanup. From the very beginning of this crisis, the federal government has been in charge of the largest environmental cleanup effort in our nation’s history an effort led by Admiral Thad Allen, who has almost 40 years of experience responding to disasters. We now have nearly 30,000 personnel who are working across four states to contain and clean up the oil. Thousands of ships and other vessels are responding in the Gulf. And I’ve authorized the deployment of over 17,000 National Guard members along the coast. These servicemen and women are ready to help stop the oil from coming ashore, they’re ready to help clean the beaches, train response workers, or even help with processing claims and I urge the governors in the affected states to activate these troops as soon as possible. Because of our efforts, millions of gallons of oil have already been removed from the water through burning, skimming and other collection methods. Over five and a half million feet of boom has been laid across the water to block and absorb the approaching oil. We’ve approved the construction of new barrier islands in Louisiana to try to stop the oil before it reaches the shore, and we’re working with Alabama, Mississippi and Florida to implement creative approaches to their unique coastlines. As the cleanup continues, we will offer whatever additional resources and assistance our coastal states may need. Now, a mobilization of this speed and magnitude will never be perfect, and new challenges will always arise. I saw and heard evidence of that during this trip. So if something isn’t working, we want to hear about it. If there are problems in the operation, we will fix them. But we have to recognize that despite our best efforts, oil has already caused damage to our coastline and its wildlife. And sadly, no matter how effective our response is, there will be more oil and more damage before this siege is done. That’s why the second thing we’re focused on is the recovery and restoration of the Gulf Coast. You know, for generations, men and women who call this region home have made their living from the water. That living is now in jeopardy. I’ve talked to shrimpers and fishermen who don’t know how they’re going to support their families this year. I’ve seen empty docks and restaurants with fewer customers even in areas where the beaches are not yet affected. I’ve talked to owners of shops and hotels who wonder when the tourists might start coming back. The sadness and the anger they feel is not just about the money they’ve lost. It’s about a wrenching anxiety that their way of life may be lost. I refuse to let that happen. Tomorrow, I will meet with the chairman of BP and inform him that he is to set aside whatever resources are required to compensate the workers and business owners who have been harmed as a result of his company’s recklessness. And this fund will not be controlled by BP. In order to ensure that all legitimate claims are paid out in a fair and timely manner, the account must and will be administered by an independent third party. Beyond compensating the people of the Gulf in the short term, it’s also clear we need a long-term plan to restore the unique beauty and bounty of this region. The oil spill represents just the latest blow to a place that’s already suffered multiple economic disasters and decades of environmental degradation that has led to disappearing wetlands and habitats. And the region still hasn’t recovered from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. That’s why we must make a commitment to the Gulf Coast that goes beyond responding to the crisis of the moment. I make that commitment tonight. Earlier, I asked Ray Mabus, the Secretary of the Navy, who is also a former governor of Mississippi and a son of the Gulf Coast, to develop a long-term Gulf Coast Restoration Plan as soon as possible. The plan will be designed by states, local communities, tribes, fishermen, businesses, conservationists and other Gulf residents. And BP will pay for the impact this spill has had on the region. The third part of our response plan is the steps we’re taking to ensure that a disaster like this does not happen again. A few months ago, I approved a proposal to consider new, limited offshore drilling under the assurance that it would be absolutely safe that the proper technology would be in place and the necessary precautions would be taken. That obviously was not the case in the Deepwater Horizon rig, and I want to know why. The American people deserve to know why. The families I met with last week who lost their loved ones in the explosion these families deserve to know why. And so I’ve established a National Commission to understand the causes of this disaster and offer recommendations on what additional safety and environmental standards we need to put in place. Already, I’ve issued a six-month moratorium on deepwater drilling. I know this creates difficulty for the people who work on these rigs, but for the sake of their safety, and for the sake of the entire region, we need to know the facts before we allow deepwater drilling to continue. And while I urge the Commission to complete its work as quickly as possible, I expect them to do that work thoroughly and impartially. One place we’ve already begun to take action is at the agency in charge of regulating drilling and issuing permits, known as the Minerals Management Service. Over the last decade, this agency has become emblematic of a failed philosophy that views all regulation with hostility a philosophy that says corporations should be allowed to play by their own rules and police themselves. At this agency, industry insiders were put in charge of industry oversight. Oil companies showered regulators with gifts and favors, and were essentially allowed to conduct their own safety inspections and write their own regulations. When Ken Salazar became my Secretary of the Interior, one of his very first acts was to clean up the worst of the corruption at this agency. But it’s now clear that the problem there ran much deeper, and the pace of reform was just too slow. And so Secretary Salazar and I are bringing in new leadership at the agency Michael Bromwich, who was a tough federal prosecutor and Inspector General. And his charge over the next few months is to build an organization that acts as the oil industry’s watchdog not its partner. So one of the lessons we’ve learned from this spill is that we need better regulations, better safety standards, and better enforcement when it comes to offshore drilling. But a larger lesson is that no matter how much we improve our regulation of the industry, drilling for oil these days entails greater risk. After all, oil is a finite resource. We consume more than 20 percent of the world’s oil, but have less than 2 percent of the world’s oil reserves. And that’s part of the reason oil companies are drilling a mile beneath the surface of the ocean because we’re running out of places to drill on land and in shallow water. For decades, we have known the days of cheap and easily accessible oil were numbered. For decades, we’ve talked and talked about the need to end America’s century-long addiction to fossil fuels. And for decades, we have failed to act with the sense of urgency that this challenge requires. Time and again, the path forward has been blocked not only by oil industry lobbyists, but also by a lack of political courage and candor. The consequences of our inaction are now in plain sight. Countries like China are investing in clean energy jobs and industries that should be right here in America. Each day, we send nearly $1 billion of our wealth to foreign countries for their oil. And today, as we look to the Gulf, we see an entire way of life being threatened by a menacing cloud of black crude. We cannot consign our children to this future. The tragedy unfolding on our coast is the most painful and powerful reminder yet that the time to embrace a clean energy future is now. Now is the moment for this generation to embark on a national mission to unleash America’s innovation and seize control of our own destiny. This is not some distant vision for America. The transition away from fossil fuels is going to take some time, but over the last year and a half, we’ve already taken unprecedented action to jumpstart the clean energy industry. As we speak, old factories are reopening to produce wind turbines, people are going back to work installing energy-efficient windows, and small businesses are making solar panels. Consumers are buying more efficient cars and trucks, and families are making their homes more energy-efficient. Scientists and researchers are discovering clean energy technologies that someday will lead to entire new industries. Each of us has a part to play in a new future that will benefit all of us. As we recover from this recession, the transition to clean energy has the potential to grow our economy and create millions of jobs but only if we accelerate that transition. Only if we seize the moment. And only if we rally together and act as one nation workers and entrepreneurs; scientists and citizens; the public and private sectors. When I was a candidate for this office, I laid out a set of principles that would move our country towards energy independence. Last year, the House of Representatives acted on these principles by passing a strong and comprehensive energy and climate bill a bill that finally makes clean energy the profitable kind of energy for America’s businesses. Now, there are costs associated with this transition. And there are some who believe that we can’t afford those costs right now. I say we can’t afford not to change how we produce and use energy because the long-term costs to our economy, our national security, and our environment are far greater. So I’m happy to look at other ideas and approaches from either party as long they seriously tackle our addiction to fossil fuels. Some have suggested raising efficiency standards in our buildings like we did in our cars and trucks. Some believe we should set standards to ensure that more of our electricity comes from wind and solar power. Others wonder why the energy industry only spends a fraction of what the high-tech industry does on research and development and want to rapidly boost our investments in such research and development. All of these approaches have merit, and deserve a fair hearing in the months ahead. But the one approach I will not accept is inaction. The one answer I will not settle for is the idea that this challenge is somehow too big and too difficult to meet. You know, the same thing was said about our ability to produce enough planes and tanks in World War II. The same thing was said about our ability to harness the science and technology to land a man safely on the surface of the moon. And yet, time and again, we have refused to settle for the paltry limits of conventional wisdom. Instead, what has defined us as a nation since our founding is the capacity to shape our destiny our determination to fight for the America we want for our children. Even if we’re unsure exactly what that looks like. Even if we don’t yet know precisely how we’re going to get there. We know we’ll get there. It’s a faith in the future that sustains us as a people. It is that same faith that sustains our neighbors in the Gulf right now. Each year, at the beginning of shrimping season, the region’s fishermen take part in a tradition that was brought to America long ago by fishing immigrants from Europe. It’s called â€Å"The Blessing of the Fleet,† and today it’s a celebration where clergy from different religions gather to say a prayer for the safety and success of the men and women who will soon head out to sea some for weeks at a time. The ceremony goes on in good times and in bad. It took place after Katrina, and it took place a few weeks ago at the beginning of the most difficult season these fishermen have ever faced. And still, they came and they prayed. For as a priest and former fisherman once said of the tradition, â€Å"The blessing is not that God has promised to remove all obstacles and dangers. The blessing is that He is with us always,† a blessing that’s granted â€Å"even in the midst of the storm.† The oil spill is not the last crisis America will face. This nation has known hard times before and we will surely know them again. What sees us through what has always seen us through is our strength, our resilience, and our unyielding faith that something better awaits us if we summon the courage to reach for it. Tonight, we pray for that courage. We pray for the people of the Gulf. And we pray that a hand may guide us through the storm towards a brighter day. Thank you, God bless you, and may God bless the United States of America. Source: WhiteHouse.gov

Land law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 3

Land law - Essay Example ld in relation to different cases wherein various individuals residing in her accommodation considered themselves as tenants and e refused to pay rents among others. In relation to the case scenario, Hild has provided an unoccupied flat to Albert who is the son of an old school friend. She provided the flat to Albert as Albert was not having any place of accommodation after the broke up of his marriage. There was no written agreement regarding the accommodation provided to Albert by Hild. Additionally, Hild accepted no payments from him but occasionally she used to accept the payments in relation to bills of Council Tax. It can be viewed that Albert has been residing in the flat of Hild for a prolonged period of one year and now he claims that he is a tenant of the flat and shows no sign of moving on. According to the case scenario depicted above, it can be apparently observed that there was no agreement made between Hild and Albert in relation to the flat that has been provided to Albert by Hild for accommodation. Conceptually, tenancy agreement provides adequate information regarding the rules along with the conditions in relation to any property rented. Additionally, tenancy agreement provides important information including deposit, rent, renewing as well as termination of tenancy, discrimination, homelessness and services1. It can be affirmed in this regard that with the absence of written agreement amid Albert and Hild, the obligatory rights offered to the parties are not affected as both the parties are observed to be protected under statutory law of tenant rights. Due to the absence of written agreement, Albert might consider himself as a tenant of the flat possessing certain rights like illegal eviction, claiming housing benefits and appropriate notice to quit in accorda nce with tenant rights. However, owing to the lack of written agreement, Albert will not be facilitated with the opportunity of residing in the flat for a fixed period of tenancy, rather

Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Journal - Essay Example I did not particularly like the essay in terms of proving its point with scientific evidence, but I do agree with its basic argument that rational punishment, even and particularly in the form of the occasional spanking, is beneficial for a child’s well-being as its replaces the parent in the role of authority. I have been interested in the creation of alternative power for a long time and wind generators are one of my major areas of interest. I have my own concerns regarding them, such as what will happen to wind patterns like the jetstream if enough of these towers are erected. I base this opinion on the effects that have taken place at Niagara Falls as a result of the construction of large buildings that prevent the wind from doing its job. The author uses logos combined with authority to argue his three main points against wind power, indicating that these are not exclusive of any other concern but merely some of the more pressing issues that must be addressed. I liked the article because I thought it was very straightforward in its presentation of facts and concerns while not getting too detailed for the amount of space available. This essay was of interest to my life because I am at least as affected by the capitalistic world I live in as the author of this story. The difference is that he is able to get away to a silent retreat when he wants to and I am usually pretty much trapped within the noise and bustle of the city. I don’t have a cabin to go to but I can certainly appreciate the value he places on his. The author uses pathos and metaphor to create a mood of quiet celebration of something that we usually take for granted. By appealing to the emotions of his readers and associating the falling rain and the sounds it makes to a festival, the author is able to foster a sense of appreciation for the free rain that still

Essay on Administrative Reforms in the Philippiens Essay Example for Free

Essay on Administrative Reforms in the Philippiens Essay A study was made by the World Bank about the extent of corruption in the Philippines. The study reveals the existence of a consensus in the government, nongovernmental and international circles that corruption in the public and private sectors in the Philippines is pervasive and deep-rooted, touching even the judiciary and mass media (Chay Florentino-Holifena, 1998). This is collaborated by the data collected in September 1998 by Social Weather Station (SWS). The survey says that nearly two thirds of the respondent thought that corruption exists in the government with 38% saying â€Å"a great deal† while 34% saying â€Å"some. † Also, according to Transparency International which calculated that Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) n the Philippines, on a scale of1 (higher perception of corruption) to 10 (negligible perception), the CPI for the Philippines was 3. 6 in 1999. Out of the 99 countries rated, the Philippines was perceived as the Fifty-fifth least corrupt. As a result of the problem of prevalence of corruption in the Philippines, then President Joseph Estrada asked the World Bank to make recommendations to help the Philippine government strengthen its fight against corruption. For its part, the Philippines thought that the need for a stronger anti-corruption program is imperative considering that it is being cited with increasing frequency by international business surveys and anticorruption agencies as a country where corruption inhibit foreign and domestic investment. The need for stronger anti-corruption program by the Philippines is also brought about by the effects of corruption which drains away limited and scarce resources of the Philippine government for development, distorts access to government services by poor communities and undermines the public confidence in the governments determination to help alleviate poverty and fight corruption. In addition, the need for stronger anti-corruption program is made imperative in view of the importance of attracting international aid which is severely hampered by the international image of the Philippines as one of he haven of corruption in Asia. It must also be stressed that the move towards improvement in the public administration is a global trend that has affected even Southeast Asian countries which desire to improve public administration (M. Shamshul Haque, p. 1297). The World Bank then proposed a Nine-Point Approach in fighting corruption in the Philippines as its recommendation for creating a national strategy for fighting corruption in the Philippines. The principle behind the Nine-Point approach is focusing on reducing opportunities and motivation for corruption and making corruption a high-risk and low-reward activity. World Bank therefore recommended nine key elements for the national anticorruption program: a) reducing opportunities for corruption by policy reforms and deregulation; b) reforming campaign finance; c) increasing public oversight; d) reforming budget processes; e) improving meritocracy in the civil service; f) targeting selected departments and agencies; g) enhancing sanctions for corruption; h) developing partnerships with the private sector; and i) supporting judicial reform (â€Å"Combatting Corruption in the Philippines†, 2000, viii). In the light of the necessity of implementing reforms in the Philippines, this paper seeks to discuss the three areas of governance that may help in the attainment of the national goals of the Philippines which is to eradicate corruption, minimize the bureaucracy, minimize overlaps in program implementation by government agencies and check the expansion of government activities. These areas are: (1) decentralization and local governance, (2) economic deregulation and privatization and (3) human resource management. Reforms in local Governance and Decentralization The Philippines follows a Unitary form of government in which there is a concentration of political powers and authority in the national government. Legislative power, or the power to make, amend, repeal or alter them is vested in Congress which is composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Executive power, or the power to administer and enforce laws, is vested in the President. Judicial power, or the power to settle actual controversies involving rights, is vested in the Supreme Court and ther lower courts. This is unlike the United States which adopts the Federal system of government in which political powers and authority are shared between the national government and the individual states. However, the 1987 Constitution in recognition of the existence of territorial and political subdivisions of the Philippines which are provinces, cities, municipalities and barangays, has given these territorial subdivisions local autonomy for the purpose of making them effective and efficient partners in national building. Thus Article X Section 3 of the 1987 Constitution provides that: â€Å"The Congress shall enact a local government code which shall provide for a more responsive and accountable local government structure instituted through a system of decentralization with effective mechanisms of recall, initiative and referendum, allocate among the different local government units their powers, responsibilities and resources and provide for the qualifications, election, appointment and removal, term, salaries, powers and functions and duties of local officials, and all other matters relating to the organization and operation of local units. (Art X, Sec 3, 1987 Constitution) The constitution also gives the local government fiscal autonomy for them to be able to provide basic services to their constituents, to wit: â€Å"Each local government unit shall have the power to create its own sources of revenues and to levy taxes, fees, and charges subject to such guidelines and limitations as the Congress ma provide consistent with the basic policy of local autonomy. Such taxes, fees and charges shall accrue exclusively to the local governments. † (Art X, Section 5, 1987 Constitution) As a result of the delegation of some powers and authority by the national government, the local government has been important and vital machineries in the attainment of national goals of the Philippines. The national government has learned that delegating some of its powers will enable it to focus on more pressing national concerns. It has also learned that giving communities local and fiscal autonomy will help make them proactive partners by the national government in the fight for corruption and advancement of he country. As a result, the local communities have been able to transform themselves to mini-governments that can to a certain extent sustain the needs of their constituents. The local government units have been able to propose innovations on how to help the national government. These are: a) Taking Care of People and Environment in Negros Oriental which is a project geared towards developing and improving the quality of life in Negros Oriental, a province in the South of P hilippines. The project involves the construction of community hospital that seeks to provide basic health services and information dissemination campaign to inform the people on how to take care of their environment; b) Saving the Mangroves of Kalibo, Aklan is a project geared towards the reforestation of a fifty hectare swampland; c) Saving the Marikina River is a project whose primary goal is to restore the Marikina River for the purpose of making it one of the major tourist destination of the city; d) The Mandaluyong Public Market is a partnership between the private sector and the city for the private sector to built and operate a market on a land owned by the city. This project is now the source of the revenues of the city which it now uses to support its provision of basic services to its constituents; e) Transforming Malalag into a Provincial Agro-Industrial Centre in Davao Del is another example of the effect of empowering local government units as partners with other government agencies in local administration and management, human resource development; f) Acquiring a Complete Equipment Pool in Munoz, Nueva Ecija is a project of the local government unit in acquiring under-utilized equipment from national government and making good use of them in rebuilding the local government unit; g) Floating Bonds for Low Cost Housing in Victorias, Negros Occidental is a project of the local government unit which involve floating of bonds to finance housing projects of its constituents; h) Improving the Productivity in Naga City is a local government unit’s project that focuses on providing services to the constituents, getting optimum outputs wi th minimum expenditures, producing quality results as desired and planned and making services accessible and acceptable based on the principle of greater good for the greatest number; i) Number Code Scheme in Makati City is a project geared towards easing the traffic in the business district of the  Philippines; j) Medical, Dental and Legal Mission in Caloocan City which is a project that seeks to deliver medical, dental and even legal advises to poor residents in Caloocan City; j) Solid Waste Management Program in Bulacan is a project designed to ensure that the people learn to segregate and properly dispose of their garbage. Privatization Program Privatization is essentially the sale or lease of assets of the government. It is done either because the country realizes how efficient the private sector is in business management or because the government seeks to earn additional revenues and that privatizing its assets will be instrumental in the government’s economic development program. Privatization of government assets started in 1986 during an era of political turmoil as the country has overthrown the dictatorial rule of the former President Marcos. Th is is the first wave of privatization. At the time the government wanted to dispose the assets which have been sequestered from the friends and relatives of President Marcos (Lauro A. Ortile p. 130). Other properties were also included in the privatization such as those that were foreclosed and taken over by banks. The second wave started in 1990 with the disposition of government properties in the utilities and infrastructure sectors which were formerly state-subsidized (Lauro A. Ortile p. 130). The third wave consists in opening of a wide range of public services such as housing health, postal services and pension funds (Lauro A. Ortile p. 130). According to the Department of Finance, privatization has yielded positive results for the government. It has not only generated additional revenues, but it has also broaden the base of ownership and fostered favorable climate for investors (Privatization Monitor, 2004, p. 1). Since 1987, the revenue generated from the privatization program has reached more than P200 billion for the Philippines. According to United Nation Public Administration Network (UNPAN) (1997), the Philippine Civil Service more than doubled from 430,000 in 1971 to 840,000 in 1980 to almost 1 million in 1985 (Mirshariff Tillah, 2005, p. 27 ) By itself, there is essentially nothing wrong in having a large workforce. It may be argued that having a large workforce aids in the delivery of public services and gives employment opportunities to a large number of people. However, if despite having a large workforce delivery of public service is still slow and the amount allocated given to these civil servants eats away a large percentage of the national budget, then having a large workforce is a serious cause of concern. It must be stressed for a country like the Philippines, cutting down the size of its civil servants is imperative in the sense that money used to pay for the salaries of non-performing employees may be utilized for infrastructure and delivery of public services. As a result, then President Fidel Ramos implemented one of the legislative measures designed to downsize the government and ensure that its existing employees will be more effectively utilized. This is the Republic Act 7430 â€Å"An Act Providing for Optimum Utilization of Personnel in Government Service through a System of Attrition† which is otherwise known as the Attrition Law. The objective was attained simply by means of freeze hiring and preventing the filling of positions that become vacant due to resignation, retirements or death (Mirshariff Tillah, p. 27). The Attrition Law is still being currently implemented until now. It has been so effective that it has arrested the upward trend in government employment. Though it has not completely stopped the upward trend of the government employment, the same however has caused the increase to slow down. Research shows that the start of the implementation of the Attrition Law in June 1992, the total number of filled positions was 1,237,435. This number was reduced in 1993 and 1994 but increased from 1995 to 1996. The present figure of 1,213,602, however, still remains lower than the 1992 level (â€Å"Administrative Reforms: Country Profiles of Five Asian Countries† p. 117). It is also estimated that the five-year implementation of the Attrition Law, has resulted in savings for the Philippine government in the amount of more than six billion pesos (US$ 240 million) (â€Å"Administrative Reforms: Country Profiles of Five Asian Countries†p. 117). Conclusion The Philippines has undertaken dramatic changes in the last few decades. These policy changes are manifested in the legislative measures that have been passed which are designed to eradicate corruption, minimize the bureaucracy, and minimize overlaps in program implementation by government agencies. Though there are a lot more changes to be done, the future is bright for the Philippines as these measures are initial steps that have been taken towards national development. This is a sample essay from smartessaywriters. com – the leading provider of reliable and affordable essay writing services and research paper writing services in the United States and the United Kingdom.

How the Lack of Education During the Great Depression Affected Southern Society :: essays research papers fc

During the Great Depression receiving an education was becoming more and more difficult for southerners. From not being able to afford the required supplies needed, to not being able to pay the tutions, many people found it nearly impossible to attend school. The novel, To Kill A Mockingbird written by Harper Lee shows how the lack of education in society during the Great Depression affected Southerners lives, not allowing them to change their futures for the better.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The public school system changed drastically during the Great Depression. Society started to notice the changes during the years of 1930 and 1931, when conditions were at their worst. Many students did not have the right clothing, supplies, and textbooks because parents could not afford the costs. The price of school supplies ran from $1.00 for a pen to $3.85 for a pair of shoes (Editors of Time-Life 29). In To Kill A Mockingbird, Scout’s teacher, Miss Caroline, asked one of her students where his lunch was. He then explained that he did not have a lunch because his parents could not afford it. â€Å"He didn’t forget his lunch, he didn’t have any. He had none today nor would he have any tomorrow or the next day. He had probably never seen three quarters together at the same time in his life† (Lee 20).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In addition, student’s schoolwork and progress began to decline due to undernourishment. Many children were not able to stay in school because there was not enough money to keep the schools open. A third of a million children were out of school during the Great Depression (Farrell 14). Also, children of poor families dropped out of school because they felt obligated to help support their family financially. In To Kill A Mockingbird Scout describes the Ewell family, who only attends school the first day of every year because their family is poor: They come the first day every year and then leave. The truant lady gets’em here ‘cause she threatens ‘em with the sheriff, but she’s give up tryin’ to hold ‘em. She reckons she’s carried out the law just getting’ their names on the roll and runnin’ ‘em here the first day. You’re supposed to mark ‘em absent the rest of the year (Lee 27). In cases like these, the purpose for leaving school was to help out the family with chores like tending to the farm and crops.

Ethical Dilemma On Accepting An Offer

PART A: The CaseJohn is a two year Graduate Engineering Trainee in an Automobile company in India, on a contract binding him to work for 3 more years after the training period. On completion of his training, John gets admission for a PG Program in Management in a reputed Institute. Because of the good impression he had created during training program, the Company grants him special leave with pay for this education. Further CEO personally informs him that his two year education expenses will also be taken by the company. He also expresses his hopes to have him back for a long tenure with the organization.During the last semester of his program, a Multinational Organization in Automobile business offers John a job in their Indian operations, with 6 months intensive job training in Germany. The compensation offered was almost 10 times of what he would be getting in his present employment. . The new organization would also compensate him for whatever he should pay to the present employe r for returning his leave pay, education expenses or liquidated damages as per his original contract. Should John take up the decision of joining the new company?PART B: John should not leave his present company. All employment is a legal bondage, no doubt. But, the relationship of employer employee goes beyond that. The employer places full trust on the employee for a conscientious work performance. ( Heathfield, S. M, 13-04-2009) The employee delivers goods to the best of his abilities. What he is not able to do because of his deficiency in skill, knowledge or even attitude is acceptable, but knowingly withholding performance of a known skill, or causing a deliberate negligence of duty is not pardonable.Legal enforcement always has limitations. Most of the things go by moral bindings in life. Whether it is a family life or work life the element of trust forms the basic ethics of living. John should not let his present employer down. The present employer had gone out of the way to help John in fulfilling his ambition of completing a PG program in Management. In fact, it is this program opportunity had led the way for the new offer from another company. The present employer had not granted him the privileges with a parental attitude.The CEO had specifically called him, offered him the help and expressed his wish that John returns to the company job with added knowledge for a long tenure. John paying back the salaries he had earned during the special leave period or giving back the expenses which the organization had taken for his education, or for that matter sincerely remitting the liquidated damages as per earlier contract, will all belittle the basic value of human gratitude and acknowledgement. (Hunsinger, D. v. D. , 1995, p. 65) The present employer may not be able to sue him for more than what they had expended on John.Their feeling of hurt with this incident, and based on that, their attitude towards employee motivation programs will all shrink, affecti ng the future incumbents to the organization. So, John should not leave the employment and reject the Offer given to him by the multinational company, with ten fold compensation figures. PART C: John should take up the new offer All employment is a legal arrangement. The employer selects the right candidate, pays him a fair compensation and the employee discharges his performance with his utmost faith on his ability.The employee shall not cheat the employer in any of his work related activities. He should be faithful to his employer and work for him with total commitment. He should trust his employer and feel at liberty to ask him to give whatever he thinks right on his part to ask. He should never hesitate to remind him of a privilege or condition that the employer forgets to extend. Likewise, he shall not demand for something which is not due to him. He can always get things clarified wherever he has doubts about his rights. (Assertive Communication, 13-04-2009)Beyond this relatio nship, no employer has right to expect an employee to continue in employment for ever. Mostly conflict of interest arises only when one accepts another employment while at working with one organization disturbing his independence in working with the original organization. (Faculty Guide, 13-04-2009) John’s opportunity is a very rare occurrence. He can not dream of such an offer in the future. He should take it up. Giving up an opportunity, which will benefit him and his family’s prosperity because of increased income will be wrong.,For that matter he might be depriving the benefits to society by not contributing his competence in a wider area of work. Sometimes we confuse morals with ethics. Morals are stated to be selfish too, elsewhere (BrainMeta. Com, 13-042009) All John is expected to do is to go back to his present employer, explain the CEO the situation and his wish to go for the more prosperous job. He should be transparent enough to express his predicament. His taking up the new job is by all means for a large packet of compensation.It also gives him the opportunity in another country with more scope to improve his competence. From what has been his case all along, he is a person thriving for knowledge and this offer carries with it a good training program. He can always be grateful to his present employer on many future occasions, without damage to any of his personal or social values. For instance, there may be scope for him to be a contact to the new employer for the present employer to enter into collaboration arrangements or business arrangements.