Violence Against Women Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Violence Against Women - Assignment Example The Dreamworlds 3 was produced in the year 2007. It is a documentary that presented the history of music using MTV’s with sexual imageries in order to draw the attention of people. It presented the reasons behind that sexual imageries in music videos are all about women. In this documentary, sexual imageries of women are presented as to attract men, desiring for sex in the absence of men, and the quality of being a feminine is always over powered by powerful men. It also presented some aspects how women attract men through their dresses, movements of the body and using energetic activities. It also presented how pornographic imaginations, ways of how women look in the video degrade women. At the end of the documentary, the film maker gives the purpose of this film and presented statistics about some violence of women particularly in America. From the video I do believe that the film maker’s message is for the betterment of a society that has a revolting behavior. These music videos are reflections of how society thinks about women who are lesser than men. Women are always considered sexual prey, for example, in school campuses in which fraternities exist. In order to enter into that kind of organization, violent sex should be done. Aside from using alcohol, facilitation of rape is practiced in order to give emphasis on the importance of maleness among the members but this thing lowers the position of women in the eyes of the members of this kind of group. In my opinion, the film does not obliged viewers to adopt the conclusion of Jhally but instead to develop their own critical eyes and to convey the breeds of these sexual images that can be found in music videos. These music videos breed violence against women such as rape, sexual assaults, harassments, verbally and physically. One of the most violent breeds of the combination of music and pornography in music videos is rape. Women’s appearance is one of the main reason men do this kind of violence to women. It is considered that the appearance of women made men helpless in terms of sexual pleasure. Men see the appearance of women especially the way they dressed. If a woman dresses with a very seductive way then some men think that the woman is seducing although the woman does not have that kind of intention. But many don’t agree with the idea that to avoid getting rape is to avoid dressing in a seductive manner. In the year 2011, at Toronto, there was a so called â€Å"slutwalk† wherein many marched for the purpose of not agreeing with the advise of a police officer telling students that the best way to avoid getting raped was to avoid dressing like a ’slut’. These people who participated in the said slutwalk are claiming that instead of telling to the women on how they dress, they should focus and warn those that are abusing women to avoid abusing and assaulting women so that they will avoid going into jail. They are angry for blaming th e women of such violence that are happening to them. Women are the main victims but in the end they are being blamed for what is happening to them. Pornographizing is one of the main issues that lead to the violence of women. Men are relating to the images of women. Images such as in music videos which have sexually images that excites and wrings for sexual desire. Because of these images, it may lead

Critically evaluate the current status of the setting including policies and practices Essay Example for Free

Critically evaluate the current status of the setting including policies and practices Essay Self-reflection is a very important tool to be used in order to keep the nursery up to date with current legislation and to raise service standards. By regularly looking at where we are as a setting we can ensure that we continue to offer high quality education to our children. â€Å"Research has proven that self-reflection and evaluation both support good practice within a setting as a part of continual development. Importantly this self-reflection supports good outcomes for children.† (Barber and Paul-Smith 2009, pg. 8) We have been using Ofsted SEF to evaluate where we are doing well and assess where we need to improve. â€Å"The self-evaluation form is designed to help early years providers to review and improve their practice, so that it is of the highest standard and offers the best experience for young children. Importantly it is a useful tool for you and any assistants or staff to evaluate the impact of what you do on children’s welfare, learning and development.† (Ofsted 2009, pg.13) PEST ANALYSIS POLITICAL ï‚ · Politically unsettled ï‚ · Arab spring ï‚ · Benevolent dictatorship ï‚ · No pressure groups ï‚ · Frequent change of legislation but no clear guidelines ï‚ · No official body or organization to refer to ï‚ · Government policies are not consistent and not properly disseminated ECONOMICAL ï‚ · Unsecure financial world markets ï‚ · Fluctuating exchange rates ï‚ · Expensive living ï‚ · Uncertainties in the economy ï‚ · No direct income taxes or VAT ï‚ · Several indirect taxes ï‚ · Increasing running costs ï‚ · Rapid expansion of Early Years industry ï‚ · Increasing competition SOCIAL ï‚ · Increasing number of working mothers ï‚ · Wider range of people ï‚ · Image of good standard of living and overall safety ï‚ · People moving and settling in the area ï‚ · Increased focus on Early Years Education ï‚ · Attractive area for different nationalities ï‚ · Broad spectrum of curriculum covered in the country TECHNOLOGICAL ï‚ · Easier information access (internet) ï‚ · Wider audience ï‚ · Better ability to reach out to the Community ï‚ · Blogging (positive and/or negative) ï‚ · Personal Technology ï‚ · CCTV cameras (name of city) is a safe place, its economy is considered ever flourishing but due to the ongoing global economical crisis it has its financial restraints. This analysis has also outlined how a business can be easily set up but also how difficult it is for it to thrive due to frequent changes in the legislation and the lack of consistent guidelines. Nevertheless, the increased interest in Early Years Education will soon allow practitioners to offer to all children high standards of learning. SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS ï‚ · Well trained, qualified and experienced staff ï‚ · Impressive facilities ï‚ · Outstanding outdoor area ï‚ · Central location ï‚ · Extra-curricular activities ï‚ · Early years themed workshops and professional advisors WEAKNESSES ï‚ · Turnover of staff due to economic situation ï‚ · Policies and Procedures (only few in place) ï‚ · Being tenant of the facilities ï‚ · Old building badly maintained ï‚ · Lack of training opportunities ï‚ · Limited parental involvement ï‚ · Managerial limited decision making ability OPPORTUNITIES ï‚ · Several marketing options ï‚ · Exponential growth of market ï‚ · Partnership with professionals in childcare ï‚ · Diversified skills of staff with different backgrounds ï‚ · Wide professional network THREATS ï‚ · Extremely high price of rent ï‚ · Frequent new regulations with high implement costs ï‚ · New nurseries poaching staff and rising salary expectations ï‚ · Loss of key staff ï‚ · Frequent families’ relocations (name of nursery) is a newly established nursery in (name of city) that was initially planned with a greater focus on business rather than learning. Policies and Procedures were compiled and printed out hastily, without team brainstorming or subsequent effective compliance. The absence of specific legal requirements in the country makes it possible for nursery and day cares to operate, though in the best interest of children, without proper policies and procedures in place. Going through the process of self-evaluation has been the most valuable eye opener possible for me. I now know where we are and where we want to be. PEST and SWOT analysis have  allowed me to celebrate our strengths and pinpoint our weaknesses. Generally all policies will need to be rewritten, implemented and properly disseminated, but priority will be given to Child Protection and Behaviour Management Policies. A Staff training plan also needs to be put in place in order to ensure high standards in care and education of all children. Last but not least, it will be paramount to monitor progress and ensure that our procedures reflect our policies and that good practice is consistent throughout the academic year by gathering evidence regularly.

An introduction to kinesiology

An introduction to kinesiology In this chapter, basic kinesiology definitions are introduced and problem-solving approaches in kinesiology tasks are classified as quantitative or qualitative movement analysis. Definition: Derived from the Greek word kinesis meaning motion and the suffix -ology or -logy from the Greek logos or logia (meaning field of study). It is the scientific study of the anatomy, physiology, and mechanics of body movement. Introduction to Kinesiology You might think that kinesiology is a modern day science, however, you will find out in this text that the practice, study and application of kinesiology can be traced back thousands of years to ancient Roman times. In fact, many aspects of physical movement training are documented in chariot races and gladiator fights, where fighters trained and chose between different weapons, wheel sizes etc. Throughout history, particular in wars there are abundant examples of the use of kinesiology to improve fighting, fitness and protection. Kinesiology encompasses human anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, exercise physiology, exercise psychology and sociology, history, and philosophy of sport. Kinesiology is the study of human movement across a range of tasks including exercise, daily living, play, sport, and work. The primary aims of general kinesiology are 1) Understanding the human bodys physiological and psychological responses to acute short-term physical activity. 2) Understanding the various adaptations to the human body to chronic or long-term physical activity. 3) Understanding the cultural, social, and historical importance of physical activity. 4) Understanding the mechanical qualities of movement. 5) Understanding the processes that control movement and the factors that affect the acquisition of more skills, and 6) Understanding the psychological effects of physical activity on human behavior. In this text we are mostly interested in kinesiology as it relates to human movement. So, we will focus more on joints, bones, muscles, levers, forces etc. as opposed to the social or psychological implications. Key Kinesiology Terms Biomechanics: The science and study of the mechanics of a living body. It is an examination of the forces exerted by muscles and gravity on the skeletal structure and the effects produced by such forces. Biomechanics, as a sports science, applies the laws of mechanics and physics to human performance in order to gain a greater understanding of performance in athletic events through modeling, simulation, and measurement. For example, the forces generated during acceleration of a 100m running race. Mechanics: A branch of physics that deals with the effects of energy and forces on the motion of physical objects. Mechanics, in the field of sports studies, is concerned with the behavior of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements, and the subsequent effect of those bodies on their environment. For example, the study of materials used in hockey sticks or tennis rackets. Statics: The study of objects in a constant state of motion, which means they may be in motion or stationary. Statics is a branch of physics that is concerned with the analysis of various loads on physical systems. For example, the forces required to lift an Olympic barbell. Dynamics: The study of objects subjected to acceleration/deceleration. Dynamics is from the branch of classical mechanics in physics which is involved with the motion of bodies; it is divided into two other branches, kinematics and kinetics. An example for this category would be the flight speed and path of a baseball after it has been struck. Kinematics: The study and measurement of motion. The variables of kinematics describe the motion of objects in respect to space and time without considering the effects of forces that bring out the motion. Two types of applications are applied in kinematics. First, translational (or curvilinear kinematics), which is the description of the motion in space of a point along a trajectory. This path can be linear, or curved. There are three basic concepts that are required for understanding translational motion; displacement, velocity and acceleration. (These concepts will be reviewed in later chapters). Secondly, there are rotational motion kinematics which describe the rotation of an object and involves the definition and use of the following three quantities: angular position, angular velocity and angular acceleration. Kinematics has application in studying the acceleration of a cyclist or throwing a javelin, where there is a change in the position of the object over time. Kinetics: The study of the forces that act to produce motion. Kinetics, as opposed to kinematics, is concerned with the motion of bodies under the action of forces. A branch from the study of human biomechanics, a kinetic analysis may include questions such as whether the amount of force the muscles are producing is optimal for the intended purpose of the movement. The term kinetics is not widely used today and is often collectively studied under the term dynamics. Anthropometrics: The study of the human body dimensions. Anthropometrics are related to the dimensions and the weights of body segments. Factors include size, shape, weight and other important considerations in a kinetic analysis. For example, you will notice that basketball players are generally tall and gymnasts are generally short. These anthropometrics, or body shapes, create advantages within certain sports. Kinesiology: Literally, the study of human movement. Quantitative and Qualitative Measurement Within the field of kinesiology we evaluate and score performances in two main ways. For example, we may time a runner over 100M and we give a 10M diver a score based on how much we liked the dive. We refer to these assessments as either quantitative or qualitative. Quantitative simply refers to empirical or hard numbers, while qualitative refers is more subjective and evaluates form and style regardless of the elements of time of distance etc. Let us look at each in more detail. Qualitative Analysis Definition: Describes the human movement based on its constituent elements. The word qualitative refers to a description and analysis of a human movement based on and involving non-numeric terminology. Many professions involving scientific research use qualitative analysis as a thorough and detailed way of improving human movement and performance. Good qualitative analysis uses all the senses to gather information about the strengths and weaknesses of the movement. The most commonly used approach of qualitative analysis is through basic visual observation. It is through this observation that information on a specific motion is gained, recorded and analyzed. This analysis can also help identify various mechanical factors that may or may not need to be altered in an effort to improve performance in the given activity. The ability for a scientist, coach and athlete to be able to observe the performance in slow motion is a valuable tool for improving ones performance. The details of qualitative analyses vary. Generally, one can simply state a movement as a woman was running quickly down the track. It might also be stated that the same woman is running quickly down the track on the balls of their feet, leaning slightly to the right. This alternate way of describing the same movement is providing a more detailed qualitative analysis of the movement. Qualitative problems arise during our everyday daily activities, with a large part of our lives being devoted to the solution of problems. Sport and performance are no different. To effectively analyze a movement, it is necessary to start off with a framework and list of questions. The questions stated can either be more of a simple and general question or can also contain a much more detailed and specific questions. Below are some examples of both general and specific questions. Table 1.1: General vs. Specific Qualitative Analysis General Specific Is the movement performed with proper execution? -Is the release of the swing taking place at the instant of full arm extension? -Why is this sprinter not getting a faster time? -Does the strengthening of the quadriceps significantly improve hip rotation and turnover speed? Planning and Performing a Qualitative Analysis Once you have identified the question(s) the next step is to collect the data. For the coach, therapist or PE teacher, this is qualitative visual observation data. The movement is first carefully observed and written or mental notes are made. Planning is required to ensure observation is done from optimal distance and perspective. As the level and complexity of the skill increase, the level of planning increases. In planning a qualitative analysis, a process occurs with the main goal being a further refinement of the original question. The first and final step both lead to refinement of the original question being asked. Figure 1.1: Qualitative Analysis Process (*Referenced and re-created from Basic Biomechanics by Susan J. Hall) Following this procedure in carrying out a qualitative analysis will allow the researcher to optimally collect observations. Throughout the analysis, one usually finds questions will constantly arise. Laying out the foundation of the analysis will prevent faulty or inadequate information. Procedures for Qualitative Analysis First and foremost, the procedure begins with identifying the problem or question. Whether the analyst is looking to answer a question pertaining to a how a sprinters gait is negatively impacting their running style, why a baseball player is having difficulty making contact with the ball, or why a tennis player is having wrist pain. The ability to answer these questions begins with biomechanical knowledge. Once the problem is identified there are two main steps. Firstly, make proper decisions necessary to carry out the analysis and secondly to observe and collect the observations from the performers movement. When a movement is executed, the analyst needs to determine the appropriate way to fully optimize the viewing process. This decision is determined depending upon whether the analyst is going to rely on basic visual observation or will they be using a video camera. Videotape allows both the analyst and the performer to view the movement, as well as repeated viewings. Details like viewing angle, environmental modifications, slow-motion, etc. are all factors that play into the decision making process. It is from the videotaping of the performance that the analyst and the performer can both sit down and begin to collect observations. Feedback from the video, analyst and performer are all collected, and reviewed. Despite the main question being stated in the beginning, occasionally other questions may arise during the collection process. Observations made may suggest new questions. This is when the analyst needs to go back and focus on the critical aspects of the movement and the biomechanical error that was first identified. Finally, once all movements and performances have been carefully observed, the analyst begins to interpret the observations. The expert analyst is highly knowledgeable in biomechanical movements and is able to identify and diagnose errors. With all the combined information that was collected in the performance the analysis can now end the analysis, make refinements to the main question and/or problem and finally assess, correct and improve the human movement. Both knowledge of the specific biomechanical purposes of the movement and careful planning are necessary for effective qualitative analysis. Quantitative Analysis The second form of analysis is quantitative analysis. Definition: The use of measurable variables (e.g. size, time, number) to describe performances. In quantitative analysis we classify features, count them, and even construct more complex statistical models in an attempt to explain what is observed. The goals of quantitative analysis are to provide precise descriptions of the mechanisms of human problem solving, the causes of error, differences between skill performance and with the intent to improve human performance. We use variables such as force, speed, distance and time. The quantitative approach helps to eliminate subjective description and relies on data from the use of different instruments. It is generally a more scientific, publishable, and predictable analysis than the qualitative approach that implies that the movement is described without the use of numbers. This approach is widely used in coaching and during the teaching of sports skills. Nine-Step Quantitative Problem Solving A simple procedure for approaching and solving quantitative problems involves nine sequential steps. The following provides a summary of the procedure for solving such problems. Solving numerical problems is a critical part work in the kinesiology field and should be carefully approached. Carefully read and review the given problem. Write down information given; write what you need to find. Where units of measurement are needed (convert them as necessary) and list them in order. Draw out and diagram the situation given and provide both the unknown and known information Identify formulas that will be useful in solving the problem. Chose the logical formula that will be used. Insert and substitute measurements and relevant information correctly into the formula chosen. Solve the equation. Check to be sure your answer is reasonable, that you include proper units of measurement, and the answer is complete. Highlight the answer. (Revised from Basic Biomechanics by Susan J. Hall) Example of Quantitative Problem: Answers to these types of questions can assist coaches in making decisions about when and how to instruct players in given situations. Q: A baseball player hits a triple to left field. As he approaches 3rd base, he notices the incoming throw to the catcher is wild and decides to go to home plate. The catcher retrieves the ball 5m from the plate and runs to the plate at 8m/s. The runner is now 10m from the plate and running at 12m/s. Who reaches the plate first and how much faster? Using the Nine step process above, we can begin to solve this problem. Step 1: Carefully read and review the problem Step 2: Write down information given: Base runners speed = m/s Catchers speed = 8m/s Distance of base runner from plate = 10m Distance of catcher from plate = 5m Step 3: Draw a diagram of the situation of the problem. Step 4: Identify possible formulas to be used to solve the problem. Step 5: Chose the logical formula that will be used to solve the problem Time = distance/speed Step 6: Insert and substitute the given information into the formula. Time = distance/speed Catcher: time = 5m/8m.s Base runner: time = 10m/12m.s Step 7: Solve the Equation A: Catcher Time = 5m / 8m/s = 0.625sec. Runner: Time = 10m /12m/s = 0.83sec. Step 8: Check that the answer is complete and reasonable. Step 9: Highlight the answer Runner reaches home plate 0.21 seconds slower than the catcher! Could this be a qualitative example also? Yes, the umpire could actually call the runner safe. This is his decision and in this case is the wrong one. Research Note: The reliability differences between qualitative and quantitative assessments were perhaps no more clearly illustrated in the 2002 Winter Olympics Pairs Skating competition. In the pairs competition, Yelena Berezhnaya and Anton Sikharulidze of Russia had won the short program over Jamie Salà © and David Pelletier of Canada. In the free skating, Berezhnaya/Sikharulidze made a minor (but obvious) technical error when Sikharulidze stepped out of a double axel. Meanwhile, Salà ©/Pelletier skated a flawless program, albeit one that many experts considered to be of lesser difficulty than that of the Russians. The Canadians were the clear crowd favorite; they left the ice to a round of stormy applause and everyone believed they had won Gold. The Canadians received three 5.9s for technical merit, while the Russians received mostly 5.8s and 5.7s. However, for presentation, the Canadians received four 5.9s to the Russians seven. Presentation was weighted more heavily than technical merit at the time; the Canadians needed at least five 5.9s to overtake the Russians for first. There was obvious disagreement from the crowd; loud chants of Six! Six! Six! gave way to a chorus of boos when the presentation marks came out. As it turned out, this margin held until the end, giving the gold medal to the Russians. Salà ©/Pelletier accepted their silver medal with grace but open disappointment. It was the 11th consecutive time (dating to 1960) that a pair from the Soviet Union, the Unified Team, or Russia had taken the gold in the pairs competition. As it turned out, this margin held until the end, giving the gold medal to the Russians. Salà ©/Pelletier accepted their silver medal with grace but open disappointment. It was the 11th consecutive time (dating to 1960) that a pair from the Soviet Union, the Unified Team, or Russia had taken the gold in the pairs competition. The world was stunned when it was announced that the Russians had won. There was immediate suspicion of cheating. Judges from Russia, the Peoples Republic of China, Poland, Ukraine, and France had placed the Russians first; judges from the United States, Canada, Germany, and Japan chose the Canadians. Suspicion fell almost immediately on the French judge, Marie-Reine Le Gougne. When Le Gougne returned to the officials hotel, she was immediately confronted by Sally Stapleford, chair of the International Skating Unions Technical Committee. Le Gougne had an emotional breakdown in which she said that she had been pressured by the head of the French skating organization, Didier Gailhaguet, to vote for the Russian pair regardless of how the others performed. She repeated this at the post-event judges meeting the next day. It was alleged that this was part of a deal to get an advantage for French couple Marina Anissina and Gwendal Peizerat in the ice dance competition that was to follow a few days later. However, in a signed statement, Le Gougne denied taking part in such a deal and also stated that she had truly believed the Russian pair deserved to win. On February 15, Cinquanta and IOC President, at the time, Jacques Rogge, in a joint press conference, announced that Salà © and Pelletiers silver medal would be upgraded to gold. Berezhnaya and Sikharulidze were allowed to keep their gold medal as well, since there was no proof of impropriety on their part, and many felt that they, in fact, deserved it, as was the opinion of four of the other eight judges on the panel. Both pairs point totals were thrown out. Le Gougne was suspended effective immediately for misconduct. Which is better? Quantitative or Qualitative? You decide! So Quantitative or Qualitative? Obviously there are strengths and weaknesses for both. Here are some advantages to quantitative measurement. Quantitative methodologies are appropriate to measure overt behaviors. They are reliable in measuring descriptive aspects, such as time to travel a distance. Quantitative methodologies allow direct comparison and replication. Reliability and validity may be determined more objectively than with qualitative techniques. In quantitative research your aim is to determine the relationship between one thing (an independent variable) and another (a dependent or outcome variable) in a population. Quantitative research designs are either descriptive (subjects usually measured once) or experimental (subjects measured before and after a treatment). A descriptive study establishes only associations between variables. An experiment establishes causality. Studies aimed at quantifying relationships are of two types, descriptive and experimental. In a descriptive study, no attempt is made to change behavior or conditions (you measure things as they are). In an experimental study you take measurements, try some sort of intervention, and then take measurements again to see what happened. Problem: Can you list five examples each of qualitative and quantitative assessments of a skill etc. Qualitative versus Quantitative Measurement of Human Movement The qualitative and quantitative analysis of human movement is composed of many parts. Both require the knowledge of the movements desired, the characteristics involved, and the ability to view a performance and analyze whether the human movement does in fact incorporate the specific characteristics. The analysis of human movement may be either qualitative or quantitative, and both play an important role in the biomechanical analysis of human movement.. Classifying kinesiology tasks as quantitative or qualitative is an effective approach in understanding basic biomechanical concepts in kinesiology. Analyzing human movement is an essential process of problem solving. Whether the performance being analyzed is qualitative or quantitative they both include identifying the performance, observing and studying, and finally answering the problem or question. Quantitative measurements are taken and used to quantify movement or performance, whereas qualitative performance or movement is observed and subjectively evaluated without the use of measurement for quantification. An observer, for example, might qualitatively state that was a good throw where a second observer might quantitatively state the javelin was thrown at sixty-five meters. Qualitative analysis should not be regarded as merely general descriptions, as it can also involve detailed description. Both quantitative and qualitative description play important roles in the biomechanical analysis of human movement, with quantitative techniques mainly being used by biomechanist researchers in attempting to answer specific questions and qualitative observations and description mainly are used by a wider range of people including clinicians, coaches and PE teachers. There are advantages and disadvantages of both measurement techniques. However, the objectivity of quantitative measurement tends to make it more reliable and you dont end up with a performer scoring fewer points because of the color of their uniform as you might in qualitative assessment. Table 1.2: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Analysis Quantitative Qualitative Three Feet Good Two Cents Bad Twenty Dollars Heavy Fifteen Seconds Fast Table 1.3: QUANTITATIVE or QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS? Quantitative Analysis Qualitative Analysis Impact forces during running. X Carpal Tunnel Syndrome X Aerodynamics of clothing X Release angles for projectiles X Occupational demands X X Review Problems 1. Determine whether these measures require quantitative or qualitative analysis. Friction on a bobsled runner blade __________________ a toothache __________________ acceleration of a projectile __________________ rotational speed of baseball __________________ perceived difficulty chopping wood __________________ a headache __________________ wind speed __________________ 2. Can you now think of six examples on your own that fit each measurement. Give a one-line definition to accompany clarify your example. An example is provided for each measurement. Qualitative Motivation (motivation can be extrinsic or intrinsic and difficult to quantify). Quantitative Vertical jump height (this variable can be absolutely measured in cms). 3. Can you identify 4 examples of situation that represent dynamics and statics? Dynamics A skater gliding on the ice. Statics A chair sitting on the floor.

King Solomon Essays -- essays research papers

There are many famous individuals through the history who made great impact on our lives. We can go on and on to list them all but for my topic I would like to choose one of the wisest person who ever lived is king Solomon. During his era the Israel kingdom achieved a lot of success in trading, expansion and fair judgment. Also Solomon regarded as an author of high skill and remarkable output. The writings that have been attributed to him are the biblical Proverbs, the Song of Solomon, Ecclesiastes, the Wisdom of Solomon, and the later Psalms of Solomon. The book of Proverbs expresses the conclusion of the will of man. Together, the books of Psalms, Proverbs and Ecclesiastes give us the understanding of the soul of man. In Psalms you have the emotional nature, which is one part of the soul function. Ecclesiastes deals with the function of the mind, the search of man reason throughout the earth, analyzing, evaluating, weighing and concluding. But in the book of Proverbs we have the appeal to the will of man and the conclusion of the will. Therefore, this book is all about the things man should decide, the choices of life. This is beautifully set before us in the introduction to the book. We all know that education is not only the key for our success and good life but also expansion of knowledge and information. â€Å"To know wisdom and instruction, to discern the saying of understanding, to receive instruction in wise behavior, righteousness, justice and equity; to the youth kn...

Bring God to the Negro, Bring the Negro to God.

This book is 80 pages written by Keith R. Claridy, it focuses on the works of Archbishop Thomas Toolen in the racist stricken Alabama. The Archbishop being at the centre of growth of the Catholic Church in Alabama, particularly along the gulf coast in the twentieth century was instrumental in bringing the gospel to the African-Americans (Claridy 1). At the time when the Archbishop is in office, civil rights movement activities start being witnessed in the state beginning with Rosa Parks, the church is therefore left with no option but to intervene.At this point in time, the Catholic Church in Alabama is seen as the church of the minority and has a sole mission, to expand and reach out hence it functions as a missionary centre. There’s also the formation of the black panthers movement to advocate for rights of the African Americans. The archbishop is in fact in a very difficult position since the white as well as black Catholics are not relating well with white Catholics denyin g entry of black Catholics during masses in white parishes (Claridy 5). The author entirely focuses on the works of the Archbishop in trying to resolve this seemingly sarcastic conflict.The author chooses the title which stands out, it is satirical in that the church is at the epicenter of it, its teachings are supposed to shape the African Americans in following the principles of God including not using violence in their quest for equality. At the same time the Catholic Church in Alabama is divided, with parishes being for blacks and whites and there is no mixing of the races (Claridy 16). The author thus sees the work of Archbishop Thomas as bring God to the African Americans in order to create individuals who are God fearing and abide to his principles so that they would not act in ungodly manner (Claridy 48).The subject matter is timely owing to the fact that racism is still alive in many parts of the United States and the entire world. It is worth revisiting the issue with the calling to re-awaken the modern day Church to tackle racism in the manner in which people like Archbishop Thomas did. The book is rich in content in that author imposes the subject matter in the current context, calling for modern time heroes who can come out strong against vices, not necessarily racism but any other ills affecting the society and advocate for peaceful approach to the subject matter at hand (Claridy 72).The author chooses no better time than this when the United States is experiencing a presidency that is African American and was marred by racism in the campaign trail, the author therefore draws the audience back in time to see what the Americans and especially in this context the residents of Alabama have achieved against all odds in the fight against the ills affecting the society. There is no better State than Alabama where the author sets up his story being the mother of civil rights movements in the United States. In a nutshell the author is on point and the su bject matter is very relevant.In a simple, clear but firm way, the author has so well connected the main themes in this book. The reader is kept glued to the pages with his or her curiosity being aroused with every following line. The author has thoughtfully used the right language and given the story life in a manner that is mind puzzling. The reader feels like the story is in context with what is happening current, thus the book is worth reading for a meaningful gain. The non-confrontational means by which the Archbishop chooses to use in his work of religious guidance to appeal to the African Americans, they see him as accommodative as well paternalistic (Claridy 33).Serious lessons are therefore learnt from this approach, the Archbishop is even compared to Booker T. Washington in his approach by the Encyclopedia of Alabama. This book is worth spending money on, it leaves you enriched, challenged and with a desire to change the society by making it better just like Archbishop Tho mas Toolen. Works Cited Claridy, Keith. Bring God to the Negro, Bring the Negro to God: Archbishop Thomas Joseph Toolen & Race in

Corporate Personhood Essay

Corporate personhood is the concept that a company or business has legal recognition by the court; it simply means that the corporation has the power or ability to enter into contracts, to hire and fire its employees, to sue and to be sued, to make speeches freely and to hold property just like any other individual (Diamond, 2012). Corporate personhood was recognized first in the year 1886 by the Supreme Court of the United States in a ruling during a case between the Santa Clara County and Southern Pacific Railroad. The main reason that they were targeting then was to give corporations the legal rights of people in order to maintain minority rule and to avoid democracy. In this essay we get to discuss the challenges that have come with corporate personhood, its impact on other businesses and the community at large. We also get to look at the current affairs and state of corporate personhood. In comparison, of the two articles which are, The endangered public company and the Occupy Santa Clara Corporate personhood recognized, we get to see some of the points in which the two articles concur and those that they differ. We are also going to look at the Strength and Weaknesses of their decision or arguments. The title endangered public company comes into use because the corporations are being targeted for closure, some people are of the mind that corporations have been given too much power and they end up ruling us instead of us controlling them (The Economist, 19 May 2012). Corporations are doing a lot of damages and injustices to other small businesses and due to the fact that it cannot be punished or fined. It avoids justice which many people think or feel is not fair for the community. Everyone should be answerable for the mistakes they commit and no one is above the law. In one of the articles that critics are challenging corporate personhood, they are against it and would wish for it to be made illegal and all the issues regarding the corporation be directed to a particular individual, but the railroad barons and lawyers get away with their mischief’s by giving corporations personhood, we also get to see that people are accusing Mark Zuckerberg, the founder of Facebook directly, ignoring the fact that he is not Facebook as Facebook is now a separate entity that can sue and be sued. Although, Zuckerberg acts on behalf of Facebook; he cannot be held accountable for the deeds done under the umbrella of Facebook. (The Economist, 21 May 2012) In both of the articles, corporate personhood ends up being recognized as legal though some critics don’t like it. It is however, important that we get to see the strengths and weaknesses of a corporation personhood. Some of the benefits that a business or the individuals owners of the business may get from being in a corporate are. The ability of the corporation to carry all its liabilities incases of any calamity; in case of bankruptcy or any other unfortunate occurrence, the corporation will be responsible for the damages and not the individual owners. The railroad barons can now sit in comfort for the blames will not be put to them but directed to the corporation, Zuckerberg can also relax for the actions taken by face book are not answerable by him (The Economist, 21 May 2012). The ability of the corporation to sue and be sued; the corporation can take any person to court if aggrieved in any way and it can also be taken to court just like it is with Facebook, individuals have taken it to court for the treatment they have received in the social media, it is also clearly seen I the article of Occupy Santa Clara Personhood reconsidered that a number of corporation have been taken to court for one reason or the other, it is evident that most of the corporations always go scot free immediately their lawyers quote the decision made by the supreme court in the case of Santa Clara County Vs. Southern Pacific Railroad. This is because the court have to always uphold previous decisions or judgments’ made especially if it were made by a court that is of a higher authority that the one currently in question. A corporation can live forever, in case of death of any of the owners it just continues operating, a simple process of change of ownership is all that is required, and although the founders of the South Pacific Railroad are long gone their corporation is still functioning. Despite the fact that a corporation can be sued, an individual cannot take it to jail, this is because it’s just an abstraction, and this is seen clearly in the issue involving the railroad barons. (Diamonds, 2012) Despite a corporation being of enormous advantages and benefits, they also carry with them their disadvantages, Some of the weaknesses that can be viewed include the fact that the legal formalities of establishing the corporation are quite many and tedious, an organization will have to adhere to more sta te and federal rules and regulation. The fact that a corporation is expensive to form also gives it a negative touch, not every individual can just come and decide to form a corporation. The other issue is that since a corporation can be sued and taken to court, if found guilty of the charges levied against it the repercussion might be severe if the shareholders had not prepared themselves well for the consequences, the corporation might be rendered bankrupt or may be put under receivership which may not ogre well with the shareholders. Corporation personhood is an issue of great concern and many people in the current generation are trying to find a way to overrule the decision of the Santa Clara case that haunts many legal suits, they are of the opinion that the 126 years that corporation have been terrorizing people is enough. Historian Morton Horwitz is among the individuals who have been trying their level best to overturn the ruling of the supreme court of the year 1886, (Meyers, 2002) though it is evident that the court ruling at that time was aimed at protecting the interest of a big business and protecting the barons it will still be hard to overturn it because its benefits have been seen in the long run. So many countries have adopted the same and they have ripped the fruits of corporate personhood. It may have its side effects but for the record, corporate personhood is one of the best things that has ever happened for the benefits it has brought with it far much outweighs the negative aspects of it. People may magnify the negative aspects but it is evident that without corporate personhood there are a lot of things that would not have been achieved, starting with the railroad. References Meyers, W., (2002). The Santa Clara Blues, Corporate Personhood versus Democracy. Retrieved from http://www.iiipublishing.com/afd/santaclara.html Diamond, S. F., (2012, April 12). Occupy Santa Clara! Corporate Personhood Reconsidered. Dissent Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.dissentmagazine.org/online_articles/occupy-santa-clara-corporate-p